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Improve Correctness and Clarity of guides.md
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@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ For those who want to use this "Standalone Mode" feature outside of Magisk, ther
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1. Set environment variable `ASH_STANDALONE` to `1`<br>Example: `ASH_STANDALONE=1 /data/adb/magisk/busybox sh <script>`
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1. Set environment variable `ASH_STANDALONE` to `1`<br>Example: `ASH_STANDALONE=1 /data/adb/magisk/busybox sh <script>`
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2. Toggle with command-line options:<br>`/data/adb/magisk/busybox sh -o standalone <script>`
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2. Toggle with command-line options:<br>`/data/adb/magisk/busybox sh -o standalone <script>`
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To make sure all subsequent `sh` shell executed also runs in standalone mode, option 1 is the preferred method (and this is what Magisk and Magisk Manager internally uses) as environment variables are inherited down to child processes.
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To make sure all subsequent `sh` shell executed also runs in standalone mode, option 1 is the preferred method (and this is what Magisk and Magisk Manager internally use) as environment variables are inherited down to child processes.
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## Magisk Modules
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## Magisk Modules
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@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ A Magisk module is a folder placed in `/data/adb/modules` with the structure bel
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│ │
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│ │
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│ │ *** Main Contents ***
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│ │ *** Main Contents ***
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│ │
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│ │
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│ ├── system <--- This folder will be mounted if skip_mount does not exists
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│ ├── system <--- This folder will be mounted if skip_mount does not exist
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│ │ ├── ...
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│ │ ├── ...
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│ │ ├── ...
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│ │ ├── ...
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│ │ └── ...
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│ │ └── ...
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@ -96,14 +96,14 @@ This file follows the same format as `build.prop`. Each line comprises of `[key]
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#### sepolicy.rule
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#### sepolicy.rule
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If your module requires some additional sepolicy patches, please add those rules into this file. The module installer script and Magisk's daemon will make sure this file is copied to somewhere `magiskinit` can read pre-init to ensure these rules are injected properly.
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If your module requires some additional sepolicy patches, please add those rules into this file. The module installer script and Magisk's daemon will make sure this file is copied to somewhere `magiskinit` can read pre-init to ensure these rules are injected properly.
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Each line in this file will be treated as a policy statement. For more details how a policy statement is formatted, please check [magiskpolicy](tools.md#magiskpolicy)'s documentation.
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Each line in this file will be treated as a policy statement. For more details about how a policy statement is formatted, please check [magiskpolicy](tools.md#magiskpolicy)'s documentation.
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#### The `system` folder
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#### The `system` folder
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All files you want Magisk to replace/inject for you should be placed in this folder. Please read through the [Magic Mount](details.md#magic-mount) section to understand how Magisk mount your files.
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All files you want Magisk to replace/inject for you should be placed in this folder. Please read through the [Magic Mount](details.md#magic-mount) section to understand how Magisk mount your files.
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## Magisk Module Installer
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## Magisk Module Installer
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A Magisk Module Installer is a Magisk Module packaged in a zip file that can be flashed in Magisk Manager or custom recoveries such as TWRP. An installer have the same file structure as a Magisk module (please check the previous section for more info). The simplest Magisk Module Installer is just a Magisk Module packed in a zip file, with addition to the following files:
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A Magisk Module Installer is a Magisk Module packaged in a zip file that can be flashed in Magisk Manager or custom recoveries such as TWRP. An installer has the same file structure as a Magisk module (please check the previous section for more info). The simplest Magisk Module Installer is just a Magisk Module packed in a zip file, with addition to the following files:
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- `update-binary`: Download the latest [module_installer.sh](https://github.com/topjohnwu/Magisk/blob/master/scripts/module_installer.sh) and rename/copy that script as `update-binary`
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- `update-binary`: Download the latest [module_installer.sh](https://github.com/topjohnwu/Magisk/blob/master/scripts/module_installer.sh) and rename/copy that script as `update-binary`
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- `updater-script`: This file should only contain the string `#MAGISK`
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- `updater-script`: This file should only contain the string `#MAGISK`
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@ -156,7 +156,7 @@ ui_print <msg>
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Avoid using 'echo' as it will not display in custom recovery's console
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Avoid using 'echo' as it will not display in custom recovery's console
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abort <msg>
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abort <msg>
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print error message <msg> to console and terminate installation
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print error message <msg> to console and terminate the installation
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Avoid using 'exit' as it will skip the termination cleanup steps
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Avoid using 'exit' as it will skip the termination cleanup steps
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set_perm <target> <owner> <group> <permission> [context]
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set_perm <target> <owner> <group> <permission> [context]
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@ -214,7 +214,7 @@ Same as mentioned above, actually making the folder *disappear* is not worth the
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In Magisk, you can run boot scripts in 2 different modes: **post-fs-data** and **late_start service** mode.
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In Magisk, you can run boot scripts in 2 different modes: **post-fs-data** and **late_start service** mode.
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- post-fs-data mode
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- post-fs-data mode
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- This stage is BLOCKING. Boot process is paused before execution is done, or 10 seconds has passed.
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- This stage is BLOCKING. The boot process is paused before execution is done, or 10 seconds have passed.
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- Scripts run before any modules are mounted. This allows a module developer to dynamically adjust their modules before it gets mounted.
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- Scripts run before any modules are mounted. This allows a module developer to dynamically adjust their modules before it gets mounted.
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- This stage happens before Zygote is started, which pretty much means everything in Android
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- This stage happens before Zygote is started, which pretty much means everything in Android
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- **Run scripts in this mode only if necessary!**
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- **Run scripts in this mode only if necessary!**
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@ -247,7 +247,7 @@ Overlay files shall be placed in the `overlay.d` folder in boot image ramdisk, a
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2. Existing files can be replaced by files located at the same relative path
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2. Existing files can be replaced by files located at the same relative path
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3. Files that correspond to a non-existing file will be ignored
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3. Files that correspond to a non-existing file will be ignored
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In order to have additional files which you want to reference in your custom `*.rc` scripts, add them in `overlay.d/sbin`. The 3 rules above does not apply to everything in this specific folder, as they will directly be copied to Magisk's internal `tmpfs` directory (which used to always be located at `/sbin`).
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In order to have additional files that you want to reference in your custom `*.rc` scripts, add them in `overlay.d/sbin`. The 3 rules above does not apply to everything in this specific folder, as they will directly be copied to Magisk's internal `tmpfs` directory (which used to always be located at `/sbin`).
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Due to changes in Android 11, the `/sbin` folder is no longer guaranteed to exist. In that case, Magisk randomly generates the `tmpfs` folder. Every occurrence of the pattern `${MAGISKTMP}` in your `*.rc` scripts will be replaced with the Magisk `tmpfs` folder when `magiskinit` injects it into `init.rc`. This also works on pre Android 11 devices as `${MAGISKTMP}` will simply be replaced with `/sbin` in this case, so the best practice is to **NEVER** hardcode `/sbin` in your `*.rc` scripts when referencing additional files.
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Due to changes in Android 11, the `/sbin` folder is no longer guaranteed to exist. In that case, Magisk randomly generates the `tmpfs` folder. Every occurrence of the pattern `${MAGISKTMP}` in your `*.rc` scripts will be replaced with the Magisk `tmpfs` folder when `magiskinit` injects it into `init.rc`. This also works on pre Android 11 devices as `${MAGISKTMP}` will simply be replaced with `/sbin` in this case, so the best practice is to **NEVER** hardcode `/sbin` in your `*.rc` scripts when referencing additional files.
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