It is possible that a module is breaking the device so bad that zygote
cannot even be started. In this case, system_server cannot start and
detect the safe mode key combo, set the persist property, and reboot.
Also on old Android versions, the system directly goes to safe mode
after detecting a key combo without rebooting, defeating the purpose of
Magisk's safe mode protection if we only check for the persist property.
Directly adding key combo check natively in magiskd allows us to enter
Magisk safe mode before the system is even aware of it.
Patching DTBs is proven to be difficult and problematic as there are
tons of different formats out there. Adding support for all the formats
in magiskboot has been quite an headache in the past year, and it still
definitely does not cover all possible cases of them out there.
There is another issue: fake dt fstabs. Some super old devices do not
have device trees in their boot images, so some custom ROM developers
had came up with a "genius" solution: hardcode fstab entries directly
in the kernel source code and create fake device tree nodes even if
Android 10+ init can graciously take fstab files instead (-_-) 。。。
And there is YET another issue: DTBs are not always in boot images!
Google is crazy enough to litter DTBs all over the place, it is like
they cannot make up their minds (duh). This means the dt fstabs can be
either concatnated after the kernel (1), in the DTB partition (2), in
the DTBO partition (3), in the recovery_dtbo section in boot images (4),
or in the dtb section in boot images (5). FIVE f**king places, how can
anyone keep up with that!
With Android 10+ that uses 2 stage inits, it is crutual for Magisk to
be able to modify fstab mount points in order to let the original init
mount partitions for us, but NOT switch root and continue booting. For
devices using dt for early mount fstab, we used to patch the DTB at
install time with magiskboot. However these changes are permanent and
cannot be restored back at reinstallation.
With this commit, Magisk will read dt fstabs and write them to ramdisk
at boot time. And in that case, the init binary will also be patched
to force it to NEVER use fstabs in device-tree. By doing so, we can
unify ramdisk based 2SI fstab patching as basically we are just patching
fstab files. This also means we can manipulate fstab whatever Magisk
needs in the future without the need to going through the headache that
is patching DTBs at installation.
Value of <dt>/fstab/<partition>/dev and <dt>/fstab/<partition>/type in official Android emulator ends with newline instead of \0, Magisk won’t be able to patch sepolicy and crash the system.
Signed-off-by: Shaka Huang <shakalaca@gmail.com>
The existing method for handling legacy SAR is:
1. Mount /sbin tmpfs overlay
2. Dump all patched/new files into /sbin
3. Magic mount root dir and re-exec patched stock init
With Android 11 removing the /sbin folder, it is quite obvious that
things completely break down right in step 1.
To overcome this issue, we have to find a way to swap out the init
binary AFTER we re-exec stock init. This is where 2SI comes to rescue!
2SI normal boot procedure is:
1st stage -> Load sepolicy -> 2nd stage -> boot continue...
2SI Magisk boot procedure is:
MagiskInit 1st stage -> Stock 1st stage -> MagiskInit 2nd Stage ->
-> Stock init load sepolicy -> Stock 2nd stage -> boot continue...
As you can see, the trick is to make stock 1st stage init re-exec back
into MagiskInit so we can do our setup. This is possible by manipulating
some ramdisk files on initramfs based 2SI devices (old ass non SAR
devices AND super modern devices like Pixel 3/4), but not possible
on device that are stuck using legacy SAR (device that are not that
modern but not too old, like Pixel 1/2. Fucking Google logic!!)
This commit introduces a new way to intercept stock init re-exec flow:
ptrace init with forked tracer, monitor PTRACE_EVENT_EXEC, then swap
out the init file with bind mounts right before execv returns!
Going through this flow however will lose some necessary backup files,
so some bookkeeping has to be done by making the tracer hold these
files in memory and act as a daemon. 2nd stage MagiskInit will ack the
daemon to release these files at the correct time.
It just works™ ¯\_(ツ)_/¯
readlinkat() may return random value instead of the number of bytes placed in buf and crashing the system in two ways:
1. segmentation fault (buf[-7633350] = ‘\0’)
2. wrong link of watchdogd, resulting dog timeout
Confirmed working in ZenFone 2 x86 series, may fix#2247 and #2356
Signed-off-by: Shaka Huang <shakalaca@gmail.com>
Directly read from urandom instead of using std::random_device.
libc++ will use iostream under-the-hood, which brings significant
binary size increase that is not welcomed, especially in magiskinit.
The way how logical partition, or "Logical Resizable Android Partitions"
as they say in AOSP source code, is setup makes it impossible to early
mount the partitions from the shared super partition with just
a few lines of code; in fact, AOSP has a whole "fs_mgr" folder which
consist of multiple complex libraries, with 15K lines of code just
to deal with the device mapper shenanigans.
In order to keep the already overly complicated MagiskInit more
managable, I chose NOT to go the route of including fs_mgr directly
into MagiskInit. Luckily, starting from Android Q, Google decided to
split init startup into 3 stages, with the first stage doing _only_
early mount. This is great news, because we can simply let the stock
init do its own thing for us, and we intercept the bootup sequence.
So the workflow can be visualized roughly below:
Magisk First Stage --> First Stage Mount --> Magisk Second Stage --+
(MagiskInit) (Original Init) (MagiskInit) +
+
+
...Rest of the boot... <-- Second Stage <-- Selinux Setup <--+
(__________________ Original Init ____________________)
The catch here is that after doing all the first stage mounting, /init
will pivot /system as root directory (/), leaving us impossible to
regain control after we hand it over. So the solution here is to patch
fstab in /first_stage_ramdisk on-the-fly to redirect /system to
/system_root, making the original init do all the hard work for
us and mount required early mount partitions, but skips the step of
switching root directory. It will also conveniently hand over execution
back to MagiskInit, which we will reuse the routine for patching
root directory in normal system-as-root situations.
The current system-as-root magiskinit implementation (converting
root directory in system partition to legacy rootfs setup) is now
considered as backwards compatible only.
The new implementation that is hide and Android Q friendly is coming soon.
