With Android 13 GKI kernels, the boot partition has no ramdisk, so
Magisk constructs one from scratch. In this scenario, there's no backup
init binary at /.backup/init. For normal boot, magiskinit will symlink
/init -> /system/bin/init if needed. This commit implements the same
for booting into recovery. Before, magiskinit would just exec itself
over and over again because it couldn't restore the backup init.
Signed-off-by: Andrew Gunnerson <chillermillerlong@hotmail.com>
On older Android versions, pre-mounting selinuxfs will lead to errors,
so we have to use a different method to block init's control flow.
Since all devices that falls in this catagory must both:
1. Be Android 8.0 - 9.0
2. Have early mount fstab in its device tree
We can actually use the same FIFO trick, but this time not on selinuxfs,
but on the read-only device tree nodes in sysfs or procfs. By mocking
the fstab/compatible node in the device tree, we can block init when
it attempts to do early mount; at that point, we can then mock selinuxfs
as we normally would, successfully hijack and inject patched sepolicy.
In the current implementation, Magisk will either have to recreate
all early mount implementation (for legacy SAR and rootfs devices) or
delegate early mount to first stage init (for 2SI devices) to access
required partitions for loading sepolicy. It then has to recreate the
split sepolicy loading implementation in-house, apply patches, then
dump the compiled + patched policies into monolithic format somewhere.
Finally, it patches the original init to force it to load the sepolicy
file we just created.
With the increasing complexity involved in early mount and split
sepolicy (there is even APEX module involved in the future!),
it is about time to rethink Magisk's sepolicy strategy as rebuilding
init's functionality is not scalable and easy to maintain.
In this commit, instead of building sepolicy ourselves, we mock
selinuxfs with FIFO files connected to a pre-init daemon, waiting
for the actual init process to directly write the sepolicy file into
MagiskInit. We then patch the file and load it into the kernel. Some
FIFO tricks has to be used to hijack the original init process's
control flow and prevent race conditions, details are directly in the
comments in code.
At the moment, only system-as-root (read-only root) support is added.
Support for legacy rootfs devices will come with a follow up commit.
Design credit to @yujincheng08
Close#5146. Fix#5491, fix#3752
Previously, Magisk changes the mount point from /system to /system_root
by patching fstab to prevent the original init from changing root.
The reason why we want to prevent the original init from switching the
root directory is because it will then be read-only, making patching
and injecting magiskinit into the boot chain difficult.
This commit (ab)uses the fact that the /data folder will never be part
of early mount (because it is handled very late in the boot by vold),
so that we can use it as the mount point of tmpfs to store files.
Some advantages of this method:
- No need to switch root manually
- No need to modify fstab, which significantly improves compatibility
e.g. avoid hacks for weird devices like those using oplus.fstab,
and avoid hacking init to bypass fstab in device trees
- Supports skip_mount.cfg
- Support DSU
* Further fix `oplus.fstab` support
In some oneplus devices, `oplus.fstab` does exists but `init` never
loaded it and those entries in `oplus.fstab` are written directly to
`fstab.qcom`. Previous implementation will introduce duplicate entries
to `fstab.qcom` and brick the device. This commit filters those entries
from `oplus.fstab` that are already in `fstab.qcom` and further filters
duplicated entries in `oplus.fstab` (keep only the last entry).
Fix#5016
* Fix UB
Since we moved entry, we need to explicitly copy its member.
For c++23 we can use `auto{}`.
Custom ROM bring-ups of legacy Sony devices contain the following:
/init (symlink to /bin/init_sony)
/init.real (the "real" Android init)
/bin/init_sony (this was /sbin/init_sony on Android <11)
Kernel loads the ramdisk and starts /init -> /bin/init_sony
/bin/init_sony does low-level device setup (see: https://github.com/LineageOS/android_device_sony_common/blob/lineage-18.1/init/init_main.cpp)
/bin/init_sony unlinks /init and renames /init.real to /init
/bin/init_sony starts /init
Since init_sony needs to run first magiskinit needs to replace init.real instead, so add workarounds based on detection of init.real to boot patcher and uninstaller
Thanks @115ek and @bleckdeth
Fixes#3636
Co-authored-by: topjohnwu <topjohnwu@gmail.com>
On devices where the primary storage is slow to probe it makes sense to
wait forever for the system partition to mount, this emulates the
kernel's behaviour when waiting for rootfs on SAR if the rootwait
parameter is supplied.
This issue was encountered with some SD cards on the Nintendo Switch.
Previously, Magisk uses persist or cache for storing modules' custom
sepolicy rules. In this commit, we significantly broaden its
compatibility and also prevent mounting errors.
The persist partition is non-standard and also critical for Snapdragon
devices, so we prefer not to use it by default.
We will go through the following logic to find the best suitable
non-volatile, writable location to store and load sepolicy.rule files:
Unencrypted data -> FBE data unencrypted dir -> cache -> metadata -> persist
This should cover almost all possible cases: very old devices have
cache partitions; newer devices will use FBE; latest devices will use
metadata FBE (which guarantees a metadata parition); and finally,
all Snapdragon devices have the persist partition (as a last resort).
Fix#3179
Patching DTBs is proven to be difficult and problematic as there are
tons of different formats out there. Adding support for all the formats
in magiskboot has been quite an headache in the past year, and it still
definitely does not cover all possible cases of them out there.
There is another issue: fake dt fstabs. Some super old devices do not
have device trees in their boot images, so some custom ROM developers
had came up with a "genius" solution: hardcode fstab entries directly
in the kernel source code and create fake device tree nodes even if
Android 10+ init can graciously take fstab files instead (-_-) 。。。
And there is YET another issue: DTBs are not always in boot images!
Google is crazy enough to litter DTBs all over the place, it is like
they cannot make up their minds (duh). This means the dt fstabs can be
either concatnated after the kernel (1), in the DTB partition (2), in
the DTBO partition (3), in the recovery_dtbo section in boot images (4),
or in the dtb section in boot images (5). FIVE f**king places, how can
anyone keep up with that!
With Android 10+ that uses 2 stage inits, it is crutual for Magisk to
be able to modify fstab mount points in order to let the original init
mount partitions for us, but NOT switch root and continue booting. For
devices using dt for early mount fstab, we used to patch the DTB at
install time with magiskboot. However these changes are permanent and
cannot be restored back at reinstallation.
With this commit, Magisk will read dt fstabs and write them to ramdisk
at boot time. And in that case, the init binary will also be patched
to force it to NEVER use fstabs in device-tree. By doing so, we can
unify ramdisk based 2SI fstab patching as basically we are just patching
fstab files. This also means we can manipulate fstab whatever Magisk
needs in the future without the need to going through the headache that
is patching DTBs at installation.
The existing method for handling legacy SAR is:
1. Mount /sbin tmpfs overlay
2. Dump all patched/new files into /sbin
3. Magic mount root dir and re-exec patched stock init
With Android 11 removing the /sbin folder, it is quite obvious that
things completely break down right in step 1.
To overcome this issue, we have to find a way to swap out the init
binary AFTER we re-exec stock init. This is where 2SI comes to rescue!
2SI normal boot procedure is:
1st stage -> Load sepolicy -> 2nd stage -> boot continue...
2SI Magisk boot procedure is:
MagiskInit 1st stage -> Stock 1st stage -> MagiskInit 2nd Stage ->
-> Stock init load sepolicy -> Stock 2nd stage -> boot continue...
As you can see, the trick is to make stock 1st stage init re-exec back
into MagiskInit so we can do our setup. This is possible by manipulating
some ramdisk files on initramfs based 2SI devices (old ass non SAR
devices AND super modern devices like Pixel 3/4), but not possible
on device that are stuck using legacy SAR (device that are not that
modern but not too old, like Pixel 1/2. Fucking Google logic!!)
This commit introduces a new way to intercept stock init re-exec flow:
ptrace init with forked tracer, monitor PTRACE_EVENT_EXEC, then swap
out the init file with bind mounts right before execv returns!
Going through this flow however will lose some necessary backup files,
so some bookkeeping has to be done by making the tracer hold these
files in memory and act as a daemon. 2nd stage MagiskInit will ack the
daemon to release these files at the correct time.
It just works™ ¯\_(ツ)_/¯
