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package headscale
import (
"fmt"
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"net/netip"
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"net/url"
"strings"
mapset "github.com/deckarep/golang-set/v2"
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"go4.org/netipx"
"tailscale.com/tailcfg"
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"tailscale.com/types/dnstype"
"tailscale.com/util/dnsname"
)
const (
ByteSize = 8
)
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const (
ipv4AddressLength = 32
ipv6AddressLength = 128
)
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const (
nextDNSDoHPrefix = "https://dns.nextdns.io"
)
// generateMagicDNSRootDomains generates a list of DNS entries to be included in `Routes` in `MapResponse`.
// This list of reverse DNS entries instructs the OS on what subnets and domains the Tailscale embedded DNS
// server (listening in 100.100.100.100 udp/53) should be used for.
//
// Tailscale.com includes in the list:
// - the `BaseDomain` of the user
// - the reverse DNS entry for IPv6 (0.e.1.a.c.5.1.1.a.7.d.f.ip6.arpa., see below more on IPv6)
// - the reverse DNS entries for the IPv4 subnets covered by the user's `IPPrefix`.
// In the public SaaS this is [64-127].100.in-addr.arpa.
//
// The main purpose of this function is then generating the list of IPv4 entries. For the 100.64.0.0/10, this
// is clear, and could be hardcoded. But we are allowing any range as `IPPrefix`, so we need to find out the
// subnets when we have 172.16.0.0/16 (i.e., [0-255].16.172.in-addr.arpa.), or any other subnet.
//
// How IN-ADDR.ARPA domains work is defined in RFC1035 (section 3.5). Tailscale.com seems to adhere to this,
// and do not make use of RFC2317 ("Classless IN-ADDR.ARPA delegation") - hence generating the entries for the next
// class block only.
// From the netmask we can find out the wildcard bits (the bits that are not set in the netmask).
// This allows us to then calculate the subnets included in the subsequent class block and generate the entries.
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func generateMagicDNSRootDomains(ipPrefixes []netip.Prefix) []dnsname.FQDN {
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fqdns := make([]dnsname.FQDN, 0, len(ipPrefixes))
for _, ipPrefix := range ipPrefixes {
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var generateDNSRoot func(netip.Prefix) []dnsname.FQDN
switch ipPrefix.Addr().BitLen() {
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case ipv4AddressLength:
generateDNSRoot = generateIPv4DNSRootDomain
case ipv6AddressLength:
generateDNSRoot = generateIPv6DNSRootDomain
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default:
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panic(
fmt.Sprintf(
"unsupported IP version with address length %d",
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ipPrefix.Addr().BitLen(),
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),
)
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}
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fqdns = append(fqdns, generateDNSRoot(ipPrefix)...)
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}
return fqdns
}
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func generateIPv4DNSRootDomain(ipPrefix netip.Prefix) []dnsname.FQDN {
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// Conversion to the std lib net.IPnet, a bit easier to operate
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netRange := netipx.PrefixIPNet(ipPrefix)
maskBits, _ := netRange.Mask.Size()
// lastOctet is the last IP byte covered by the mask
lastOctet := maskBits / ByteSize
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// wildcardBits is the number of bits not under the mask in the lastOctet
wildcardBits := ByteSize - maskBits%ByteSize
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// min is the value in the lastOctet byte of the IP
// max is basically 2^wildcardBits - i.e., the value when all the wildcardBits are set to 1
min := uint(netRange.IP[lastOctet])
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max := (min + 1<<uint(wildcardBits)) - 1
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// here we generate the base domain (e.g., 100.in-addr.arpa., 16.172.in-addr.arpa., etc.)
rdnsSlice := []string{}
for i := lastOctet - 1; i >= 0; i-- {
rdnsSlice = append(rdnsSlice, fmt.Sprintf("%d", netRange.IP[i]))
}
rdnsSlice = append(rdnsSlice, "in-addr.arpa.")
rdnsBase := strings.Join(rdnsSlice, ".")
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fqdns := make([]dnsname.FQDN, 0, max-min+1)
for i := min; i <= max; i++ {
fqdn, err := dnsname.ToFQDN(fmt.Sprintf("%d.%s", i, rdnsBase))
if err != nil {
continue
}
fqdns = append(fqdns, fqdn)
}
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return fqdns
}
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func generateIPv6DNSRootDomain(ipPrefix netip.Prefix) []dnsname.FQDN {
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const nibbleLen = 4
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maskBits, _ := netipx.PrefixIPNet(ipPrefix).Mask.Size()
expanded := ipPrefix.Addr().StringExpanded()
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nibbleStr := strings.Map(func(r rune) rune {
if r == ':' {
return -1
}
return r
}, expanded)
// TODO?: that does not look the most efficient implementation,
// but the inputs are not so long as to cause problems,
// and from what I can see, the generateMagicDNSRootDomains
// function is called only once over the lifetime of a server process.
prefixConstantParts := []string{}
for i := 0; i < maskBits/nibbleLen; i++ {
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prefixConstantParts = append(
[]string{string(nibbleStr[i])},
prefixConstantParts...)
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}
makeDomain := func(variablePrefix ...string) (dnsname.FQDN, error) {
prefix := strings.Join(append(variablePrefix, prefixConstantParts...), ".")
return dnsname.ToFQDN(fmt.Sprintf("%s.ip6.arpa", prefix))
}
var fqdns []dnsname.FQDN
if maskBits%4 == 0 {
dom, _ := makeDomain()
fqdns = append(fqdns, dom)
} else {
domCount := 1 << (maskBits % nibbleLen)
fqdns = make([]dnsname.FQDN, 0, domCount)
for i := 0; i < domCount; i++ {
varNibble := fmt.Sprintf("%x", i)
dom, err := makeDomain(varNibble)
if err != nil {
continue
}
fqdns = append(fqdns, dom)
}
}
return fqdns
}
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// If any nextdns DoH resolvers are present in the list of resolvers it will
// take metadata from the machine metadata and instruct tailscale to add it
// to the requests. This makes it possible to identify from which device the
// requests come in the NextDNS dashboard.
//
// This will produce a resolver like:
// `https://dns.nextdns.io/<nextdns-id>?device_name=node-name&device_model=linux&device_ip=100.64.0.1`
func addNextDNSMetadata(resolvers []*dnstype.Resolver, machine Machine) {
for _, resolver := range resolvers {
if strings.HasPrefix(resolver.Addr, nextDNSDoHPrefix) {
attrs := url.Values{
"device_name": []string{machine.Hostname},
"device_model": []string{machine.HostInfo.OS},
}
if len(machine.IPAddresses) > 0 {
attrs.Add("device_ip", machine.IPAddresses[0].String())
}
resolver.Addr = fmt.Sprintf("%s?%s", resolver.Addr, attrs.Encode())
}
}
}
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func getMapResponseDNSConfig(
dnsConfigOrig *tailcfg.DNSConfig,
baseDomain string,
machine Machine,
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peers Machines,
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) *tailcfg.DNSConfig {
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var dnsConfig *tailcfg.DNSConfig = dnsConfigOrig.Clone()
if dnsConfigOrig != nil && dnsConfigOrig.Proxied { // if MagicDNS is enabled
// Only inject the Search Domain of the current namespace - shared nodes should use their full FQDN
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dnsConfig.Domains = append(
dnsConfig.Domains,
fmt.Sprintf(
"%s.%s",
machine.Namespace.Name,
baseDomain,
),
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)
namespaceSet := mapset.NewSet[Namespace]()
namespaceSet.Add(machine.Namespace)
for _, p := range peers {
namespaceSet.Add(p.Namespace)
}
for _, namespace := range namespaceSet.ToSlice() {
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dnsRoute := fmt.Sprintf("%v.%v", namespace.Name, baseDomain)
dnsConfig.Routes[dnsRoute] = nil
}
} else {
dnsConfig = dnsConfigOrig
}
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addNextDNSMetadata(dnsConfig.Resolvers, machine)
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return dnsConfig
}