feat: Add Twilio Verification Service (#8678)

# Which Problems Are Solved
Twilio supports a robust, multi-channel verification service that
notably supports multi-region SMS sender numbers required for our use
case. Currently, Zitadel does much of the work of the Twilio Verify (eg.
localization, code generation, messaging) but doesn't support the pool
of sender numbers that Twilio Verify does.

# How the Problems Are Solved
To support this API, we need to be able to store the Twilio Service ID
and send that in a verification request where appropriate: phone number
verification and SMS 2FA code paths.

This PR does the following: 
- Adds the ability to use Twilio Verify of standard messaging through
Twilio
- Adds support for international numbers and more reliable verification
messages sent from multiple numbers
- Adds a new Twilio configuration option to support Twilio Verify in the
admin console
- Sends verification SMS messages through Twilio Verify
- Implements Twilio Verification Checks for codes generated through the
same

# Additional Changes

# Additional Context
- base was implemented by @zhirschtritt in
https://github.com/zitadel/zitadel/pull/8268 ❤️
- closes https://github.com/zitadel/zitadel/issues/8581

---------

Co-authored-by: Zachary Hirschtritt <zachary.hirschtritt@klaviyo.com>
Co-authored-by: Joey Biscoglia <joey.biscoglia@klaviyo.com>

internal/command/user_human.go

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ package command
 import (
 	"context"
 	"strings"
+	"time"
 
 	"golang.org/x/text/language"
 
@@ -11,6 +12,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/zitadel/zitadel/internal/crypto"
 	"github.com/zitadel/zitadel/internal/domain"
 	"github.com/zitadel/zitadel/internal/eventstore"
+	"github.com/zitadel/zitadel/internal/notification/senders"
 	"github.com/zitadel/zitadel/internal/repository/user"
 	"github.com/zitadel/zitadel/internal/telemetry/tracing"
 	"github.com/zitadel/zitadel/internal/zerrors"
@@ -315,14 +317,14 @@ func (c *Commands) addHumanCommandPhone(ctx context.Context, filter preparation.
 	if human.Phone.Verified {
 		return append(cmds, user.NewHumanPhoneVerifiedEvent(ctx, &a.Aggregate)), nil
 	}
-	phoneCode, err := c.newPhoneCode(ctx, filter, codeAlg)
+	phoneCode, generatorID, err := c.newPhoneCode(ctx, filter, domain.SecretGeneratorTypeVerifyPhoneCode, codeAlg, c.defaultSecretGenerators.PhoneVerificationCode)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
 	if human.Phone.ReturnCode {
 		human.PhoneCode = &phoneCode.Plain
 	}
-	return append(cmds, user.NewHumanPhoneCodeAddedEventV2(ctx, &a.Aggregate, phoneCode.Crypted, phoneCode.Expiry, human.Phone.ReturnCode)), nil
+	return append(cmds, user.NewHumanPhoneCodeAddedEventV2(ctx, &a.Aggregate, phoneCode.CryptedCode(), phoneCode.CodeExpiry(), human.Phone.ReturnCode, generatorID)), nil
 }
 
 // Deprecated: use commands.NewUserHumanWriteModel, to remove deprecated eventstore.Filter
@@ -561,11 +563,11 @@ func (c *Commands) createHuman(ctx context.Context, orgID string, human *domain.
 	}
 
 	if human.Phone != nil && human.PhoneNumber != "" && !human.IsPhoneVerified {
-		phoneCode, err := domain.NewPhoneCode(phoneCodeGenerator)
+		phoneCode, generatorID, err := c.newPhoneCode(ctx, c.eventstore.Filter, domain.SecretGeneratorTypeVerifyPhoneCode, c.userEncryption, c.defaultSecretGenerators.PhoneVerificationCode) //nolint:staticcheck
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, nil, err
 		}
-		events = append(events, user.NewHumanPhoneCodeAddedEvent(ctx, userAgg, phoneCode.Code, phoneCode.Expiry))
+		events = append(events, user.NewHumanPhoneCodeAddedEvent(ctx, userAgg, phoneCode.CryptedCode(), phoneCode.CodeExpiry(), generatorID))
 	} else if human.Phone != nil && human.PhoneNumber != "" && human.IsPhoneVerified {
 		events = append(events, user.NewHumanPhoneVerifiedEvent(ctx, userAgg))
 	}
@@ -733,3 +735,35 @@ func AddHumanFromDomain(user *domain.Human, metadataList []*domain.Metadata, aut
 	}
 	return human
 }
+
+func verifyCode(
+	ctx context.Context,
+	codeCreationDate time.Time,
+	codeExpiry time.Duration,
+	encryptedCode *crypto.CryptoValue,
+	codeProviderID string,
+	codeVerificationID string,
+	code string,
+	codeAlg crypto.EncryptionAlgorithm,
+	getCodeVerifier func(ctx context.Context, id string) (_ senders.CodeGenerator, err error),
+) (err error) {
+	if codeProviderID == "" {
+		if encryptedCode == nil {
+			return zerrors.ThrowPreconditionFailed(nil, "COMMAND-2M9fs", "Errors.User.Code.NotFound")
+		}
+		_, spanCrypto := tracing.NewNamedSpan(ctx, "crypto.VerifyCode")
+		defer func() {
+			spanCrypto.EndWithError(err)
+		}()
+		return crypto.VerifyCode(codeCreationDate, codeExpiry, encryptedCode, code, codeAlg)
+	}
+	if getCodeVerifier == nil {
+		return zerrors.ThrowPreconditionFailed(nil, "COMMAND-M0g95", "Errors.User.Code.NotConfigured")
+	}
+	verifier, err := getCodeVerifier(ctx, codeProviderID)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	return verifier.VerifyCode(codeVerificationID, code)
+}