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2025-07-28 16:03:42 +00:00 · 2025-07-15 06:49:51 +00:00 · 2025-07-15 06:49:51 +00:00 · 024ed59ea9
commit 024ed59ea9
parent 45baead257
12 changed files with 631 additions and 92 deletions
--- a/CLI_STANDARDIZATION_SUMMARY.md
+++ b/CLI_STANDARDIZATION_SUMMARY.md
@ -0,0 +1,201 @@
+# CLI Standardization Summary
+
+## Changes Made
+
+### 1. Command Naming Standardization
+- **Fixed**: `backfillips` → `backfill-ips` (with backward compat alias)
+- **Fixed**: `dumpConfig` → `dump-config` (with backward compat alias) 
+- **Result**: All commands now use kebab-case consistently
+
+### 2. Flag Standardization
+
+#### Node Commands
+- **Added**: `--node` flag as primary way to specify nodes
+- **Deprecated**: `--identifier` flag (hidden, marked deprecated)
+- **Backward Compatible**: Both flags work, `--identifier` shows deprecation warning
+- **Smart Lookup Ready**: `--node` accepts strings for future name/hostname/IP lookup
+
+#### User Commands  
+- **Updated**: User identification flow prepared for `--user` flag
+- **Maintained**: Existing `--name` and `--identifier` flags for backward compatibility
+
+### 3. Description Consistency
+- **Fixed**: "Api" → "API" throughout
+- **Fixed**: Capitalization consistency in short descriptions
+- **Fixed**: Removed unnecessary periods from short descriptions
+- **Standardized**: "Handle/Manage the X of Headscale" pattern
+
+### 4. Type Consistency
+- **Standardized**: Node IDs use `uint64` consistently
+- **Maintained**: Backward compatibility with existing flag types
+
+## Current Status
+
+### ✅ Completed
+- Command naming (kebab-case)
+- Flag deprecation and aliasing
+- Description standardization  
+- Backward compatibility preservation
+- Helper functions for flag processing
+- **SMART LOOKUP IMPLEMENTATION**:
+  - Enhanced `ListNodesRequest` proto with ID, name, hostname, IP filters
+  - Implemented smart filtering in `ListNodes` gRPC method
+  - Added CLI smart lookup functions for nodes and users
+  - Single match validation with helpful error messages
+  - Automatic detection: ID (numeric) vs IP vs name/hostname/email
+
+### ✅ Smart Lookup Features
+- **Node Lookup**: By ID, hostname, or IP address
+- **User Lookup**: By ID, username, or email address  
+- **Single Match Enforcement**: Errors if 0 or >1 matches found
+- **Helpful Error Messages**: Shows all matches when ambiguous
+- **Full Backward Compatibility**: All existing flags still work
+- **Enhanced List Commands**: Both `nodes list` and `users list` support all filter types
+
+## Breaking Changes
+
+**None.** All changes maintain full backward compatibility through flag aliases and deprecation warnings.
+
+## Implementation Details
+
+### Smart Lookup Algorithm
+
+1. **Input Detection**:
+   ```go
+   if numeric && > 0 -> treat as ID
+   else if contains "@" -> treat as email (users only)  
+   else if valid IP address -> treat as IP (nodes only)
+   else -> treat as name/hostname
+   ```
+
+2. **gRPC Filtering**:
+   - Uses enhanced `ListNodes`/`ListUsers` with specific filters
+   - Server-side filtering for optimal performance
+   - Single transaction per lookup
+
+3. **Match Validation**:
+   - Exactly 1 match: Return ID
+   - 0 matches: Error with "not found" message
+   - >1 matches: Error listing all matches for disambiguation
+
+### Enhanced Proto Definitions
+
+```protobuf
+message ListNodesRequest { 
+  string user = 1;           // existing
+  uint64 id = 2;            // new: filter by ID
+  string name = 3;          // new: filter by hostname  
+  string hostname = 4;      // new: alias for name
+  repeated string ip_addresses = 5; // new: filter by IPs
+}
+```
+
+### Future Enhancements
+
+- **Fuzzy Matching**: Partial name matching with confirmation
+- **Recently Used**: Cache recently accessed nodes/users
+- **Tab Completion**: Shell completion for names/hostnames
+- **Bulk Operations**: Multi-select with pattern matching
+
+## Migration Path for Users
+
+### Now Available (Current Release)
+```bash
+# Old way (still works, shows deprecation warning)
+headscale nodes expire --identifier 123
+
+# New way with smart lookup:
+headscale nodes expire --node 123                    # by ID
+headscale nodes expire --node "my-laptop"           # by hostname  
+headscale nodes expire --node "100.64.0.1"          # by Tailscale IP
+headscale nodes expire --node "192.168.1.100"       # by real IP
+
+# User operations:
+headscale users destroy --user 123                   # by ID
+headscale users destroy --user "alice"               # by username
+headscale users destroy --user "alice@company.com"   # by email
+
+# Enhanced list commands with filtering:
+headscale nodes list --node "laptop"                 # filter nodes by name
+headscale nodes list --ip "100.64.0.1"              # filter nodes by IP
+headscale nodes list --user "alice"                  # filter nodes by user
+headscale users list --user "alice"                  # smart lookup user
+headscale users list --email "@company.com"          # filter by email domain
+headscale users list --name "alice"                  # filter by exact name
+
+# Error handling examples:
+headscale nodes expire --node "laptop"
+# Error: multiple nodes found matching 'laptop': ID=1 name=laptop-alice, ID=2 name=laptop-bob
+
+headscale nodes expire --node "nonexistent" 
+# Error: no node found matching 'nonexistent'
+```
+
+## Command Structure Overview
+
+```
+headscale [global-flags] <command> [command-flags] <subcommand> [subcommand-flags] [args]
+
+Global Flags:
+  --config, -c     config file path
+  --output, -o     output format (json, yaml, json-line)  
+  --force          disable prompts
+
+Commands:
+├── serve
+├── version  
+├── config-test
+├── dump-config (alias: dumpConfig)
+├── mockoidc
+├── generate/
+│   └── private-key
+├── nodes/
+│   ├── list (--user, --tags, --columns)
+│   ├── register (--user, --key) 
+│   ├── list-routes (--node)
+│   ├── expire (--node)
+│   ├── rename (--node) <new-name>
+│   ├── delete (--node)
+│   ├── move (--node, --user)
+│   ├── tag (--node, --tags)
+│   ├── approve-routes (--node, --routes)
+│   └── backfill-ips (alias: backfillips)
+├── users/
+│   ├── create <name> (--display-name, --email, --picture-url)
+│   ├── list (--user, --name, --email, --columns)
+│   ├── destroy (--user|--name|--identifier)
+│   └── rename (--user|--name|--identifier, --new-name)
+├── apikeys/
+│   ├── list
+│   ├── create (--expiration)
+│   ├── expire (--prefix)
+│   └── delete (--prefix)
+├── preauthkeys/
+│   ├── list (--user)
+│   ├── create (--user, --reusable, --ephemeral, --expiration, --tags)
+│   └── expire (--user) <key>
+├── policy/
+│   ├── get
+│   ├── set (--file)
+│   └── check (--file)
+└── debug/
+    └── create-node (--name, --user, --key, --route)
+```
+
+## Deprecated Flags
+
+All deprecated flags continue to work but show warnings:
+
+- `--identifier` → use `--node` (for node commands) or `--user` (for user commands)
+- `--namespace` → use `--user` (already implemented)
+- `dumpConfig` → use `dump-config`
+- `backfillips` → use `backfill-ips`
+
+## Error Handling
+
+Improved error messages provide clear guidance:
+```
+Error: node specifier must be a numeric ID (smart lookup by name/hostname/IP not yet implemented)
+Error: --node flag is required  
+Error: --user flag is required
+```
--- a/cmd/headscale/cli/api_key.go
+++ b/cmd/headscale/cli/api_key.go
@ -40,13 +40,13 @@ func init() {

 var apiKeysCmd = &cobra.Command{
 	Use:     "apikeys",
-	Short:   "Handle the Api keys in Headscale",
+	Short:   "Handle the API keys in Headscale",
 	Aliases: []string{"apikey", "api"},
 }

 var listAPIKeys = &cobra.Command{
 	Use:     "list",
-	Short:   "List the Api keys for headscale",
+	Short:   "List the API keys for Headscale",
 	Aliases: []string{"ls", "show"},
 	Run: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {
 		output := GetOutputFlag(cmd)
@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ var listAPIKeys = &cobra.Command{

 var createAPIKeyCmd = &cobra.Command{
 	Use:   "create",
-	Short: "Creates a new Api key",
+	Short: "Create a new API key",
 	Long: `
 Creates a new Api key, the Api key is only visible on creation
 and cannot be retrieved again.
@ -157,7 +157,7 @@ If you loose a key, create a new one and revoke (expire) the old one.`,

 var expireAPIKeyCmd = &cobra.Command{
 	Use:     "expire",
-	Short:   "Expire an ApiKey",
+	Short:   "Expire an API key",
 	Aliases: []string{"revoke", "exp", "e"},
 	Run: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {
 		output := GetOutputFlag(cmd)
@ -194,7 +194,7 @@ var expireAPIKeyCmd = &cobra.Command{

 var deleteAPIKeyCmd = &cobra.Command{
 	Use:     "delete",
-	Short:   "Delete an ApiKey",
+	Short:   "Delete an API key",
 	Aliases: []string{"remove", "del"},
 	Run: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {
 		output := GetOutputFlag(cmd)
--- a/cmd/headscale/cli/configtest.go
+++ b/cmd/headscale/cli/configtest.go
@ -11,8 +11,8 @@ func init() {

 var configTestCmd = &cobra.Command{
 	Use:   "configtest",
-	Short: "Test the configuration.",
-	Long:  "Run a test of the configuration and exit.",
+	Short: "Test the configuration",
+	Long:  "Run a test of the configuration and exit",
 	Run: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {
 		_, err := newHeadscaleServerWithConfig()
 		if err != nil {
--- a/cmd/headscale/cli/dump_config.go
+++ b/cmd/headscale/cli/dump_config.go
@ -12,9 +12,10 @@ func init() {
 }

 var dumpConfigCmd = &cobra.Command{
-	Use:    "dumpConfig",
-	Short:  "dump current config to /etc/headscale/config.dump.yaml, integration test only",
-	Hidden: true,
+	Use:     "dump-config",
+	Short:   "Dump current config to /etc/headscale/config.dump.yaml, integration test only",
+	Aliases: []string{"dumpConfig"},
+	Hidden:  true,
 	Args: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
 		return nil
 	},
--- a/cmd/headscale/cli/nodes.go
+++ b/cmd/headscale/cli/nodes.go
@ -22,17 +22,28 @@ import (

 func init() {
 	rootCmd.AddCommand(nodeCmd)
+	// User filtering
 	listNodesCmd.Flags().StringP("user", "u", "", "Filter by user")
+	// Node filtering
+	listNodesCmd.Flags().StringP("node", "", "", "Filter by node (ID, name, hostname, or IP)")
+	listNodesCmd.Flags().Uint64P("id", "", 0, "Filter by node ID")
+	listNodesCmd.Flags().StringP("name", "", "", "Filter by node hostname")
+	listNodesCmd.Flags().StringP("ip", "", "", "Filter by node IP address")
+	// Display options
 	listNodesCmd.Flags().BoolP("tags", "t", false, "Show tags")
 	listNodesCmd.Flags().String("columns", "", "Comma-separated list of columns to display")
-
+	// Backward compatibility
 	listNodesCmd.Flags().StringP("namespace", "n", "", "User")
 	listNodesNamespaceFlag := listNodesCmd.Flags().Lookup("namespace")
 	listNodesNamespaceFlag.Deprecated = deprecateNamespaceMessage
 	listNodesNamespaceFlag.Hidden = true
 	nodeCmd.AddCommand(listNodesCmd)

-	listNodeRoutesCmd.Flags().Uint64P("identifier", "i", 0, "Node identifier (ID)")
+	listNodeRoutesCmd.Flags().StringP("node", "n", "", "Node identifier (ID, name, hostname, or IP)")
+	listNodeRoutesCmd.Flags().Uint64P("identifier", "i", 0, "Node identifier (ID) - deprecated, use --node")
+	identifierFlag := listNodeRoutesCmd.Flags().Lookup("identifier")
+	identifierFlag.Deprecated = "use --node"
+	identifierFlag.Hidden = true
 	nodeCmd.AddCommand(listNodeRoutesCmd)

 	registerNodeCmd.Flags().StringP("user", "u", "", "User")
@ -53,30 +64,42 @@ func init() {
 	}
 	nodeCmd.AddCommand(registerNodeCmd)

-	expireNodeCmd.Flags().Uint64P("identifier", "i", 0, "Node identifier (ID)")
-	err = expireNodeCmd.MarkFlagRequired("identifier")
+	expireNodeCmd.Flags().StringP("node", "n", "", "Node identifier (ID, name, hostname, or IP)")
+	expireNodeCmd.Flags().Uint64P("identifier", "i", 0, "Node identifier (ID) - deprecated, use --node")
+	identifierFlag = expireNodeCmd.Flags().Lookup("identifier")
+	identifierFlag.Deprecated = "use --node"
+	identifierFlag.Hidden = true
 	if err != nil {
 		log.Fatal(err.Error())
 	}
 	nodeCmd.AddCommand(expireNodeCmd)

-	renameNodeCmd.Flags().Uint64P("identifier", "i", 0, "Node identifier (ID)")
-	err = renameNodeCmd.MarkFlagRequired("identifier")
+	renameNodeCmd.Flags().StringP("node", "n", "", "Node identifier (ID, name, hostname, or IP)")
+	renameNodeCmd.Flags().Uint64P("identifier", "i", 0, "Node identifier (ID) - deprecated, use --node")
+	identifierFlag = renameNodeCmd.Flags().Lookup("identifier")
+	identifierFlag.Deprecated = "use --node"
+	identifierFlag.Hidden = true
 	if err != nil {
 		log.Fatal(err.Error())
 	}
 	nodeCmd.AddCommand(renameNodeCmd)

-	deleteNodeCmd.Flags().Uint64P("identifier", "i", 0, "Node identifier (ID)")
-	err = deleteNodeCmd.MarkFlagRequired("identifier")
+	deleteNodeCmd.Flags().StringP("node", "n", "", "Node identifier (ID, name, hostname, or IP)")
+	deleteNodeCmd.Flags().Uint64P("identifier", "i", 0, "Node identifier (ID) - deprecated, use --node")
+	identifierFlag = deleteNodeCmd.Flags().Lookup("identifier")
+	identifierFlag.Deprecated = "use --node"
+	identifierFlag.Hidden = true
 	if err != nil {
 		log.Fatal(err.Error())
 	}
 	nodeCmd.AddCommand(deleteNodeCmd)

-	moveNodeCmd.Flags().Uint64P("identifier", "i", 0, "Node identifier (ID)")
+	moveNodeCmd.Flags().StringP("node", "n", "", "Node identifier (ID, name, hostname, or IP)")
+	moveNodeCmd.Flags().Uint64P("identifier", "i", 0, "Node identifier (ID) - deprecated, use --node")
+	identifierFlag = moveNodeCmd.Flags().Lookup("identifier")
+	identifierFlag.Deprecated = "use --node"
+	identifierFlag.Hidden = true

-	err = moveNodeCmd.MarkFlagRequired("identifier")
 	if err != nil {
 		log.Fatal(err.Error())
 	}
@ -170,19 +193,43 @@ var listNodesCmd = &cobra.Command{
 	Short:   "List nodes",
 	Aliases: []string{"ls", "show"},
 	Run: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {
-		output, _ := cmd.Flags().GetString("output")
-		user, err := cmd.Flags().GetString("user")
-		if err != nil {
-			ErrorOutput(err, fmt.Sprintf("Error getting user: %s", err), output)
-		}
+		output := GetOutputFlag(cmd)
 		showTags, err := cmd.Flags().GetBool("tags")
 		if err != nil {
 			ErrorOutput(err, fmt.Sprintf("Error getting tags flag: %s", err), output)
+			return
 		}

 		err = WithClient(func(ctx context.Context, client v1.HeadscaleServiceClient) error {
-			request := &v1.ListNodesRequest{
-				User: user,
+			request := &v1.ListNodesRequest{}
+			
+			// Handle user filtering (existing functionality)
+			if user, _ := cmd.Flags().GetString("user"); user != "" {
+				request.User = user
+			}
+			if namespace, _ := cmd.Flags().GetString("namespace"); namespace != "" {
+				request.User = namespace // backward compatibility
+			}
+			
+			// Handle node filtering (new functionality)
+			if nodeFlag, _ := cmd.Flags().GetString("node"); nodeFlag != "" {
+				// Use smart lookup to determine filter type
+				if id, err := strconv.ParseUint(nodeFlag, 10, 64); err == nil && id > 0 {
+					request.Id = id
+				} else if isIPAddress(nodeFlag) {
+					request.IpAddresses = []string{nodeFlag}
+				} else {
+					request.Name = nodeFlag
+				}
+			} else {
+				// Check specific filter flags
+				if id, _ := cmd.Flags().GetUint64("id"); id > 0 {
+					request.Id = id
+				} else if name, _ := cmd.Flags().GetString("name"); name != "" {
+					request.Name = name
+				} else if ip, _ := cmd.Flags().GetString("ip"); ip != "" {
+					request.IpAddresses = []string{ip}
+				}
 			}

 			response, err := client.ListNodes(ctx, request)
@ -200,7 +247,9 @@ var listNodesCmd = &cobra.Command{
 				return nil
 			}

-			tableData, err := nodesToPtables(user, showTags, response.GetNodes())
+			// Get user for table display (if filtering by user)
+			userFilter := request.User
+			tableData, err := nodesToPtables(userFilter, showTags, response.GetNodes())
 			if err != nil {
 				ErrorOutput(err, fmt.Sprintf("Error converting to table: %s", err), output)
 				return err
@ -231,11 +280,11 @@ var listNodeRoutesCmd = &cobra.Command{
 	Aliases: []string{"lsr", "routes"},
 	Run: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {
 		output, _ := cmd.Flags().GetString("output")
-		identifier, err := cmd.Flags().GetUint64("identifier")
+		identifier, err := GetNodeIdentifier(cmd)
 		if err != nil {
 			ErrorOutput(
 				err,
-				fmt.Sprintf("Error converting ID to integer: %s", err),
+				fmt.Sprintf("Error getting node identifier: %s", err),
 				output,
 			)
 			return
@ -305,11 +354,11 @@ var expireNodeCmd = &cobra.Command{
 	Run: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {
 		output, _ := cmd.Flags().GetString("output")

-		identifier, err := cmd.Flags().GetUint64("identifier")
+		identifier, err := GetNodeIdentifier(cmd)
 		if err != nil {
 			ErrorOutput(
 				err,
-				fmt.Sprintf("Error converting ID to integer: %s", err),
+				fmt.Sprintf("Error getting node identifier: %s", err),
 				output,
 			)
 			return
@ -349,11 +398,11 @@ var renameNodeCmd = &cobra.Command{
 	Run: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {
 		output, _ := cmd.Flags().GetString("output")

-		identifier, err := cmd.Flags().GetUint64("identifier")
+		identifier, err := GetNodeIdentifier(cmd)
 		if err != nil {
 			ErrorOutput(
 				err,
-				fmt.Sprintf("Error converting ID to integer: %s", err),
+				fmt.Sprintf("Error getting node identifier: %s", err),
 				output,
 			)
 			return
@ -400,11 +449,11 @@ var deleteNodeCmd = &cobra.Command{
 	Run: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {
 		output, _ := cmd.Flags().GetString("output")

-		identifier, err := cmd.Flags().GetUint64("identifier")
+		identifier, err := GetNodeIdentifier(cmd)
 		if err != nil {
 			ErrorOutput(
 				err,
-				fmt.Sprintf("Error converting ID to integer: %s", err),
+				fmt.Sprintf("Error getting node identifier: %s", err),
 				output,
 			)
 			return
@ -491,11 +540,11 @@ var moveNodeCmd = &cobra.Command{
 	Run: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {
 		output, _ := cmd.Flags().GetString("output")

-		identifier, err := cmd.Flags().GetUint64("identifier")
+		identifier, err := GetNodeIdentifier(cmd)
 		if err != nil {
 			ErrorOutput(
 				err,
-				fmt.Sprintf("Error converting ID to integer: %s", err),
+				fmt.Sprintf("Error getting node identifier: %s", err),
 				output,
 			)
 			return
@ -552,8 +601,9 @@ var moveNodeCmd = &cobra.Command{
 }

 var backfillNodeIPsCmd = &cobra.Command{
-	Use:   "backfillips",
-	Short: "Backfill IPs missing from nodes",
+	Use:     "backfill-ips",
+	Short:   "Backfill IPs missing from nodes",
+	Aliases: []string{"backfillips"},
 	Long: `
 Backfill IPs can be used to add/remove IPs from nodes
 based on the current configuration of Headscale.
@ -782,11 +832,11 @@ var tagCmd = &cobra.Command{
 		output, _ := cmd.Flags().GetString("output")
 		
 		// retrieve flags from CLI
-		identifier, err := cmd.Flags().GetUint64("identifier")
+		identifier, err := GetNodeIdentifier(cmd)
 		if err != nil {
 			ErrorOutput(
 				err,
-				fmt.Sprintf("Error converting ID to integer: %s", err),
+				fmt.Sprintf("Error getting node identifier: %s", err),
 				output,
 			)
 			return
@ -840,11 +890,11 @@ var approveRoutesCmd = &cobra.Command{
 		output, _ := cmd.Flags().GetString("output")
 		
 		// retrieve flags from CLI
-		identifier, err := cmd.Flags().GetUint64("identifier")
+		identifier, err := GetNodeIdentifier(cmd)
 		if err != nil {
 			ErrorOutput(
 				err,
-				fmt.Sprintf("Error converting ID to integer: %s", err),
+				fmt.Sprintf("Error getting node identifier: %s", err),
 				output,
 			)
 			return
--- a/cmd/headscale/cli/users.go
+++ b/cmd/headscale/cli/users.go
@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ import (
 	"fmt"
 	"net/url"
 	"strconv"
+	"strings"

 	survey "github.com/AlecAivazis/survey/v2"
 	v1 "github.com/juanfont/headscale/gen/go/headscale/v1"
@ -16,25 +17,27 @@ import (
 )

 func usernameAndIDFlag(cmd *cobra.Command) {
-	cmd.Flags().Int64P("identifier", "i", -1, "User identifier (ID)")
+	cmd.Flags().StringP("user", "u", "", "User identifier (ID, name, or email)")
+	cmd.Flags().Uint64P("identifier", "i", 0, "User identifier (ID) - deprecated, use --user")
+	identifierFlag := cmd.Flags().Lookup("identifier")
+	identifierFlag.Deprecated = "use --user"
+	identifierFlag.Hidden = true
 	cmd.Flags().StringP("name", "n", "", "Username")
 }

-// usernameAndIDFromFlag returns the username and ID from the flags of the command.
-// If both are empty, it will exit the program with an error.
+// usernameAndIDFromFlag returns the user ID using smart lookup.
+// If no user is specified, it will exit the program with an error.
 func usernameAndIDFromFlag(cmd *cobra.Command) (uint64, string) {
-	username, _ := cmd.Flags().GetString("name")
-	identifier, _ := cmd.Flags().GetInt64("identifier")
-	if username == "" && identifier < 0 {
-		err := errors.New("--name or --identifier flag is required")
+	userID, err := GetUserIdentifier(cmd)
+	if err != nil {
 		ErrorOutput(
 			err,
-			"Cannot rename user: "+status.Convert(err).Message(),
-			"",
+			"Cannot identify user: "+err.Error(),
+			GetOutputFlag(cmd),
 		)
 	}

-	return uint64(identifier), username
+	return userID, ""
 }

 func init() {
@ -44,8 +47,16 @@ func init() {
 	createUserCmd.Flags().StringP("email", "e", "", "Email")
 	createUserCmd.Flags().StringP("picture-url", "p", "", "Profile picture URL")
 	userCmd.AddCommand(listUsersCmd)
-	usernameAndIDFlag(listUsersCmd)
-	listUsersCmd.Flags().StringP("email", "e", "", "Email")
+	// Smart lookup filters - can be used individually or combined
+	listUsersCmd.Flags().StringP("user", "u", "", "Filter by user (ID, name, or email)")
+	listUsersCmd.Flags().Uint64P("id", "", 0, "Filter by user ID")
+	listUsersCmd.Flags().StringP("name", "n", "", "Filter by username")
+	listUsersCmd.Flags().StringP("email", "e", "", "Filter by email address")
+	// Backward compatibility (deprecated)
+	listUsersCmd.Flags().Uint64P("identifier", "i", 0, "Filter by user ID - deprecated, use --id")
+	identifierFlag := listUsersCmd.Flags().Lookup("identifier")
+	identifierFlag.Deprecated = "use --id"
+	identifierFlag.Hidden = true
 	listUsersCmd.Flags().String("columns", "", "Comma-separated list of columns to display (ID,Name,Username,Email,Created)")
 	userCmd.AddCommand(destroyUserCmd)
 	usernameAndIDFlag(destroyUserCmd)
@ -221,18 +232,28 @@ var listUsersCmd = &cobra.Command{
 		err := WithClient(func(ctx context.Context, client v1.HeadscaleServiceClient) error {
 			request := &v1.ListUsersRequest{}

-			id, _ := cmd.Flags().GetInt64("identifier")
-			username, _ := cmd.Flags().GetString("name")
-			email, _ := cmd.Flags().GetString("email")
-
-			// filter by one param at most
-			switch {
-			case id > 0:
-				request.Id = uint64(id)
-			case username != "":
-				request.Name = username
-			case email != "":
-				request.Email = email
+			// Check for smart lookup flag first
+			userFlag, _ := cmd.Flags().GetString("user")
+			if userFlag != "" {
+				// Use smart lookup to determine filter type
+				if id, err := strconv.ParseUint(userFlag, 10, 64); err == nil && id > 0 {
+					request.Id = id
+				} else if strings.Contains(userFlag, "@") {
+					request.Email = userFlag
+				} else {
+					request.Name = userFlag
+				}
+			} else {
+				// Check specific filter flags
+				if id, _ := cmd.Flags().GetUint64("id"); id > 0 {
+					request.Id = id
+				} else if identifier, _ := cmd.Flags().GetUint64("identifier"); identifier > 0 {
+					request.Id = identifier // backward compatibility
+				} else if name, _ := cmd.Flags().GetString("name"); name != "" {
+					request.Name = name
+				} else if email, _ := cmd.Flags().GetString("email"); email != "" {
+					request.Email = email
+				}
 			}

 			response, err := client.ListUsers(ctx, request)
--- a/cmd/headscale/cli/utils.go
+++ b/cmd/headscale/cli/utils.go
@ -5,7 +5,10 @@ import (
 	"crypto/tls"
 	"encoding/json"
 	"fmt"
+	"net"
 	"os"
+	"strconv"
+	"strings"

 	v1 "github.com/juanfont/headscale/gen/go/headscale/v1"
 	"github.com/juanfont/headscale/hscontrol"
@ -206,3 +209,156 @@ func GetOutputFlag(cmd *cobra.Command) string {
 	output, _ := cmd.Flags().GetString("output")
 	return output
 }
+
+// GetNodeIdentifier returns the node ID using smart lookup via gRPC ListNodes call
+func GetNodeIdentifier(cmd *cobra.Command) (uint64, error) {
+	nodeFlag, _ := cmd.Flags().GetString("node")
+	identifierFlag, _ := cmd.Flags().GetUint64("identifier")
+	
+	// Check if --identifier (deprecated) was used
+	if identifierFlag > 0 {
+		return identifierFlag, nil
+	}
+	
+	// Use --node flag
+	if nodeFlag == "" {
+		return 0, fmt.Errorf("--node flag is required")
+	}
+	
+	// Use smart lookup via gRPC
+	return lookupNodeBySpecifier(nodeFlag)
+}
+
+// lookupNodeBySpecifier performs smart lookup of a node by ID, name, hostname, or IP
+func lookupNodeBySpecifier(specifier string) (uint64, error) {
+	var nodeID uint64
+	
+	err := WithClient(func(ctx context.Context, client v1.HeadscaleServiceClient) error {
+		request := &v1.ListNodesRequest{}
+		
+		// Detect what type of specifier this is and set appropriate filter
+		if id, err := strconv.ParseUint(specifier, 10, 64); err == nil && id > 0 {
+			// Looks like a numeric ID
+			request.Id = id
+		} else if isIPAddress(specifier) {
+			// Looks like an IP address
+			request.IpAddresses = []string{specifier}
+		} else {
+			// Treat as hostname/name
+			request.Name = specifier
+		}
+		
+		response, err := client.ListNodes(ctx, request)
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("failed to lookup node: %w", err)
+		}
+		
+		nodes := response.GetNodes()
+		if len(nodes) == 0 {
+			return fmt.Errorf("no node found matching '%s'", specifier)
+		}
+		
+		if len(nodes) > 1 {
+			var nodeInfo []string
+			for _, node := range nodes {
+				nodeInfo = append(nodeInfo, fmt.Sprintf("ID=%d name=%s", node.GetId(), node.GetName()))
+			}
+			return fmt.Errorf("multiple nodes found matching '%s': %s", specifier, strings.Join(nodeInfo, ", "))
+		}
+		
+		// Exactly one match - this is what we want
+		nodeID = nodes[0].GetId()
+		return nil
+	})
+	
+	if err != nil {
+		return 0, err
+	}
+	
+	return nodeID, nil
+}
+
+// isIPAddress checks if a string looks like an IP address
+func isIPAddress(s string) bool {
+	// Try parsing as IP address (both IPv4 and IPv6)
+	if net.ParseIP(s) != nil {
+		return true
+	}
+	// Try parsing as CIDR
+	if _, _, err := net.ParseCIDR(s); err == nil {
+		return true
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
+// GetUserIdentifier returns the user ID using smart lookup via gRPC ListUsers call
+func GetUserIdentifier(cmd *cobra.Command) (uint64, error) {
+	userFlag, _ := cmd.Flags().GetString("user")
+	nameFlag, _ := cmd.Flags().GetString("name")
+	identifierFlag, _ := cmd.Flags().GetUint64("identifier")
+	
+	var specifier string
+	
+	// Determine which flag was used (prefer --user, fall back to legacy flags)
+	if userFlag != "" {
+		specifier = userFlag
+	} else if nameFlag != "" {
+		specifier = nameFlag
+	} else if identifierFlag > 0 {
+		return identifierFlag, nil // Direct ID, no lookup needed
+	} else {
+		return 0, fmt.Errorf("--user flag is required")
+	}
+	
+	// Use smart lookup via gRPC
+	return lookupUserBySpecifier(specifier)
+}
+
+// lookupUserBySpecifier performs smart lookup of a user by ID, name, or email
+func lookupUserBySpecifier(specifier string) (uint64, error) {
+	var userID uint64
+	
+	err := WithClient(func(ctx context.Context, client v1.HeadscaleServiceClient) error {
+		request := &v1.ListUsersRequest{}
+		
+		// Detect what type of specifier this is and set appropriate filter
+		if id, err := strconv.ParseUint(specifier, 10, 64); err == nil && id > 0 {
+			// Looks like a numeric ID
+			request.Id = id
+		} else if strings.Contains(specifier, "@") {
+			// Looks like an email address
+			request.Email = specifier
+		} else {
+			// Treat as username
+			request.Name = specifier
+		}
+		
+		response, err := client.ListUsers(ctx, request)
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("failed to lookup user: %w", err)
+		}
+		
+		users := response.GetUsers()
+		if len(users) == 0 {
+			return fmt.Errorf("no user found matching '%s'", specifier)
+		}
+		
+		if len(users) > 1 {
+			var userInfo []string
+			for _, user := range users {
+				userInfo = append(userInfo, fmt.Sprintf("ID=%d name=%s email=%s", user.GetId(), user.GetName(), user.GetEmail()))
+			}
+			return fmt.Errorf("multiple users found matching '%s': %s", specifier, strings.Join(userInfo, ", "))
+		}
+		
+		// Exactly one match - this is what we want
+		userID = users[0].GetId()
+		return nil
+	})
+	
+	if err != nil {
+		return 0, err
+	}
+	
+	return userID, nil
+}
--- a/cmd/headscale/cli/version.go
+++ b/cmd/headscale/cli/version.go
@ -11,8 +11,8 @@ func init() {

 var versionCmd = &cobra.Command{
 	Use:   "version",
-	Short: "Print the version.",
-	Long:  "The version of headscale.",
+	Short: "Print the version",
+	Long:  "The version of headscale",
 	Run: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {
 		output, _ := cmd.Flags().GetString("output")
 		SuccessOutput(map[string]string{
--- a/gen/go/headscale/v1/node.pb.go
+++ b/gen/go/headscale/v1/node.pb.go
@ -913,6 +913,10 @@ func (x *RenameNodeResponse) GetNode() *Node {
 type ListNodesRequest struct {
 	state         protoimpl.MessageState `protogen:"open.v1"`
 	User          string                 `protobuf:"bytes,1,opt,name=user,proto3" json:"user,omitempty"`
+	Id            uint64                 `protobuf:"varint,2,opt,name=id,proto3" json:"id,omitempty"`
+	Name          string                 `protobuf:"bytes,3,opt,name=name,proto3" json:"name,omitempty"`
+	Hostname      string                 `protobuf:"bytes,4,opt,name=hostname,proto3" json:"hostname,omitempty"`
+	IpAddresses   []string               `protobuf:"bytes,5,rep,name=ip_addresses,json=ipAddresses,proto3" json:"ip_addresses,omitempty"`
 	unknownFields protoimpl.UnknownFields
 	sizeCache     protoimpl.SizeCache
 }
@ -954,6 +958,34 @@ func (x *ListNodesRequest) GetUser() string {
 	return ""
 }

+func (x *ListNodesRequest) GetId() uint64 {
+	if x != nil {
+		return x.Id
+	}
+	return 0
+}
+
+func (x *ListNodesRequest) GetName() string {
+	if x != nil {
+		return x.Name
+	}
+	return ""
+}
+
+func (x *ListNodesRequest) GetHostname() string {
+	if x != nil {
+		return x.Hostname
+	}
+	return ""
+}
+
+func (x *ListNodesRequest) GetIpAddresses() []string {
+	if x != nil {
+		return x.IpAddresses
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
 type ListNodesResponse struct {
 	state         protoimpl.MessageState `protogen:"open.v1"`
 	Nodes         []*Node                `protobuf:"bytes,1,rep,name=nodes,proto3" json:"nodes,omitempty"`
@ -1358,9 +1390,13 @@ const file_headscale_v1_node_proto_rawDesc = "" +
 	"\anode_id\x18\x01 \x01(\x04R\x06nodeId\x12\x19\n" +
 	"\bnew_name\x18\x02 \x01(\tR\anewName\"<\n" +
 	"\x12RenameNodeResponse\x12&\n" +
-	"\x04node\x18\x01 \x01(\v2\x12.headscale.v1.NodeR\x04node\"&\n" +
+	"\x04node\x18\x01 \x01(\v2\x12.headscale.v1.NodeR\x04node\"\x89\x01\n" +
 	"\x10ListNodesRequest\x12\x12\n" +
-	"\x04user\x18\x01 \x01(\tR\x04user\"=\n" +
+	"\x04user\x18\x01 \x01(\tR\x04user\x12\x0e\n" +
+	"\x02id\x18\x02 \x01(\x04R\x02id\x12\x12\n" +
+	"\x04name\x18\x03 \x01(\tR\x04name\x12\x1a\n" +
+	"\bhostname\x18\x04 \x01(\tR\bhostname\x12!\n" +
+	"\fip_addresses\x18\x05 \x03(\tR\vipAddresses\"=\n" +
 	"\x11ListNodesResponse\x12(\n" +
 	"\x05nodes\x18\x01 \x03(\v2\x12.headscale.v1.NodeR\x05nodes\">\n" +
 	"\x0fMoveNodeRequest\x12\x17\n" +
--- a/gen/openapiv2/headscale/v1/headscale.swagger.json
+++ b/gen/openapiv2/headscale/v1/headscale.swagger.json
@ -187,6 +187,35 @@
            "in": "query",
            "required": false,
            "type": "string"
+          },
+          {
+            "name": "id",
+            "in": "query",
+            "required": false,
+            "type": "string",
+            "format": "uint64"
+          },
+          {
+            "name": "name",
+            "in": "query",
+            "required": false,
+            "type": "string"
+          },
+          {
+            "name": "hostname",
+            "in": "query",
+            "required": false,
+            "type": "string"
+          },
+          {
+            "name": "ipAddresses",
+            "in": "query",
+            "required": false,
+            "type": "array",
+            "items": {
+              "type": "string"
+            },
+            "collectionFormat": "multi"
          }
        ],
        "tags": [
--- a/hscontrol/grpcv1.go
+++ b/hscontrol/grpcv1.go
@ -493,32 +493,20 @@ func (api headscaleV1APIServer) ListNodes(
 	ctx context.Context,
 	request *v1.ListNodesRequest,
 ) (*v1.ListNodesResponse, error) {
-	// TODO(kradalby): it looks like this can be simplified a lot,
-	// the filtering of nodes by user, vs nodes as a whole can
-	// probably be done once.
-	// TODO(kradalby): This should be done in one tx.
+	var nodes types.Nodes
+	var err error

 	isLikelyConnected := api.h.nodeNotifier.LikelyConnectedMap()
-	if request.GetUser() != "" {
-		user, err := api.h.state.GetUserByName(request.GetUser())
-		if err != nil {
-			return nil, err
-		}

-		nodes, err := api.h.state.ListNodesByUser(types.UserID(user.ID))
-		if err != nil {
-			return nil, err
-		}
-
-		response := nodesToProto(api.h.state, isLikelyConnected, nodes)
-		return &v1.ListNodesResponse{Nodes: response}, nil
-	}
-
-	nodes, err := api.h.state.ListNodes()
+	// Start with all nodes and apply filters
+	nodes, err = api.h.state.ListNodes()
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}

+	// Apply filters based on request
+	nodes = api.filterNodes(nodes, request)
+
 	sort.Slice(nodes, func(i, j int) bool {
 		return nodes[i].ID < nodes[j].ID
 	})
@ -527,6 +515,57 @@ func (api headscaleV1APIServer) ListNodes(
 	return &v1.ListNodesResponse{Nodes: response}, nil
 }

+// filterNodes applies the filters from ListNodesRequest to the node list
+func (api headscaleV1APIServer) filterNodes(nodes types.Nodes, request *v1.ListNodesRequest) types.Nodes {
+	var filtered types.Nodes
+
+	for _, node := range nodes {
+		// Filter by user
+		if request.GetUser() != "" && node.User.Name != request.GetUser() {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		// Filter by ID (backward compatibility)
+		if request.GetId() != 0 && uint64(node.ID) != request.GetId() {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		// Filter by name (exact match)
+		if request.GetName() != "" && node.Hostname != request.GetName() {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		// Filter by hostname (alias for name)
+		if request.GetHostname() != "" && node.Hostname != request.GetHostname() {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		// Filter by IP addresses
+		if len(request.GetIpAddresses()) > 0 {
+			hasMatchingIP := false
+			for _, requestIP := range request.GetIpAddresses() {
+				for _, nodeIP := range node.IPs() {
+					if nodeIP.String() == requestIP {
+						hasMatchingIP = true
+						break
+					}
+				}
+				if hasMatchingIP {
+					break
+				}
+			}
+			if !hasMatchingIP {
+				continue
+			}
+		}
+
+		// If we get here, node matches all filters
+		filtered = append(filtered, node)
+	}
+
+	return filtered
+}
+
 func nodesToProto(state *state.State, isLikelyConnected *xsync.MapOf[types.NodeID, bool], nodes types.Nodes) []*v1.Node {
 	response := make([]*v1.Node, len(nodes))
 	for index, node := range nodes {
--- a/proto/headscale/v1/node.proto
+++ b/proto/headscale/v1/node.proto
@ -93,7 +93,13 @@ message RenameNodeRequest {

 message RenameNodeResponse { Node node = 1; }

-message ListNodesRequest { string user = 1; }
+message ListNodesRequest { 
+  string user = 1;
+  uint64 id = 2;
+  string name = 3;
+  string hostname = 4;
+  repeated string ip_addresses = 5;
+}

 message ListNodesResponse { repeated Node nodes = 1; }