docs: benchmarks for v4 (#10360)

Introduce benchmark documentation and results for various endpoints in
the Zitadel v4 release, including performance metrics and test
configurations.
This commit is contained in:
Silvan
2025-08-19 16:21:12 +02:00
committed by GitHub
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---
title: create session benchmark of zitadel v4
sidebar_label: create session
---
Benchmark results of v4 release of Zitadel.
## Performance test results
| Metric | Value |
|:--------------------------------------|:------|
| Baseline | none |
| Purpose | Test current performance |
| Test start | 11:31 UTC |
| Test duration | 30min |
| Executed test | add\_session |
| k6 version | v1.0.0-rc1 |
| VUs | 600 |
| Client location | US1 |
| ZITADEL location | US1 |
| ZITADEL container specification | vCPU: 6<br/> Memory: 6 Gi <br/>Container min scale: 2<br/>Container max scale: 7 |
| ZITADEL Version | v4.0.0-rc2 |
| ZITADEL feature flags | webKey: true, improvedPerformance: \[\"IMPROVED\_PERFORMANCE\_ORG\_BY\_ID\", \"IMPROVED\_PERFORMANCE\_PROJECT\", \"IMPROVED\_PERFORMANCE\_USER\_GRANT\", \"IMPROVED\_PERFORMANCE\_ORG\_DOMAIN\_VERIFIED\", \"IMPROVED\_PERFORMANCE\_PROJECT\_GRANT\"\] |
| Database | type: psql<br />version: v17.4 |
| Database location | US1 |
| Database specification | vCPU: 8<br/> memory: 32Gib |
| ZITADEL metrics during test | |
| Observed errors | |
| Top 3 most expensive database queries | 1: Query events by instance_id, aggregate_types, event_types, position<br/>2: write events<br/>3: list members<br/> |
| k6 Iterations per second | 607 |
| k6 output | [output](#k6-output) |
| flowchart outcome | |
## Endpoint latencies
Until :37 were containers starting because it was a cold start test.
import OutputSource from "./output.json";
import { BenchmarkChart } from '/src/components/benchmark_chart';
<BenchmarkChart testResults={OutputSource} />
## k6 output {#k6-output}
```bash
█ TOTAL RESULTS
checks_total.......................: 2244565 1213.769815/s
checks_succeeded...................: 99.99% 2244563 out of 2244565
checks_failed......................: 0.00% 2 out of 2244565
✓ user defined
✓ authorize status ok
✓ login name status ok
✓ login shows password page
✓ password status ok
✓ password callback
✓ code set
✓ token status ok
✓ access token created
✓ id token created
✓ info created
✓ org created
✓ create user is status ok
✗ add Session status ok
↳ 99% — ✓ 1121975 / ✗ 2
✓ add session is status ok
✓ org removed
CUSTOM
add_session_duration....................................................: min=236ms avg=962.51ms max=3.66s p(50)=951ms p(95)=1.33s p(99)=1.55s
login_ui_enter_login_name_duration......................................: min=184.04ms avg=184.04ms max=184.04ms p(50)=184.04ms p(95)=184.04ms p(99)=184.04ms
login_ui_enter_password_duration........................................: min=15.68ms avg=15.68ms max=15.68ms p(50)=15.68ms p(95)=15.68ms p(99)=15.68ms
login_ui_init_login_duration............................................: min=128.36ms avg=128.36ms max=128.36ms p(50)=128.36ms p(95)=128.36ms p(99)=128.36ms
login_ui_token_duration.................................................: min=87.2ms avg=87.2ms max=87.2ms p(50)=87.2ms p(95)=87.2ms p(99)=87.2ms
org_create_org_duration.................................................: min=76.73ms avg=76.73ms max=76.73ms p(50)=76.73ms p(95)=76.73ms p(99)=76.73ms
session_add_session_duration............................................: min=0s avg=961.43ms max=3.66s p(50)=950.06ms p(95)=1.33s p(99)=1.55s
user_create_human_duration..............................................: min=548.74ms avg=10.69s max=16.39s p(50)=13.39s p(95)=15.97s p(99)=16.28s
HTTP
http_req_duration.......................................................: min=0s avg=966.15ms max=18.87s p(50)=950.04ms p(95)=1.33s p(99)=1.55s
{ expected_response:true }............................................: min=15.68ms avg=966.15ms max=18.87s p(50)=950.04ms p(95)=1.33s p(99)=1.55s
http_req_failed.........................................................: 0.00% 2 out of 1123187
http_reqs...............................................................: 1123187 607.374025/s
EXECUTION
iteration_duration......................................................: min=1.63ms avg=962.61ms max=3.66s p(50)=951.17ms p(95)=1.33s p(99)=1.55s
iterations..............................................................: 1121977 606.719706/s
vus.....................................................................: 0 min=0 max=600
vus_max.................................................................: 600 min=600 max=600
NETWORK
data_received...........................................................: 617 MB 334 kB/s
data_sent...............................................................: 184 MB 100 kB/s
running (30m49.3s), 000/600 VUs, 1121977 complete and 0 interrupted iterations
default ✓ [======================================] 600 VUs 30m0s
```

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---
title: human password login benchmark of zitadel v4
sidebar_label: human password login
---
Benchmark results of v4 release of Zitadel.
This benchmark tests the flow of a user signing in to Zitadel using username and password which is a highly CPU intensive task for checking the password.
## Performance test results
| Metric | Value |
|:--------------------------------------|:------|
| Baseline | none |
| Purpose | Test current performance |
| Test start | 06:43 UTC |
| Test duration | 30min |
| Executed test | human\_password\_login |
| k6 version | v1.0.0-rc1 |
| VUs | 600 |
| Client location | US1 |
| ZITADEL location | US1 |
| ZITADEL container specification | vCPU: 6<br/> Memory: 6 Gi <br/>Container min scale: 2<br/>Container max scale: 7 |
| ZITADEL Version | v4.0.0-rc2 |
| ZITADEL feature flags | webKey: true, improvedPerformance: \[\"IMPROVED\_PERFORMANCE\_ORG\_BY\_ID\", \"IMPROVED\_PERFORMANCE\_PROJECT\", \"IMPROVED\_PERFORMANCE\_USER\_GRANT\", \"IMPROVED\_PERFORMANCE\_ORG\_DOMAIN\_VERIFIED\", \"IMPROVED\_PERFORMANCE\_PROJECT\_GRANT\"\] |
| Database | type: psql<br />version: v17.4 |
| Database location | US1 |
| Database specification | vCPU: 8<br/> memory: 32Gib |
| ZITADEL metrics during test | |
| Observed errors | |
| Top 3 most expensive database queries | 1: Locking projections for reduce<br/>2: Query events by aggregate type and event type<br/>3: Query events by instance id, aggregate types, event types, position<br/> |
| k6 Iterations per second | 39 |
| k6 output | [output](#k6-output) |
| flowchart outcome | |
## Endpoint latencies
Until :45 were containers starting because it was a cold start test.
import OutputSource from "./output.json";
import { BenchmarkChart } from '/src/components/benchmark_chart';
<BenchmarkChart testResults={OutputSource} />
## k6 output {#k6-output}
```bash
█ TOTAL RESULTS
checks_total.......................: 867495 464.541713/s
checks_succeeded...................: 99.88% 866490 out of 867495
checks_failed......................: 0.11% 1005 out of 867495
✓ user defined
✗ authorize status ok
↳ 99% — ✓ 72470 / ✗ 435
✗ login name status ok
↳ 99% — ✓ 72331 / ✗ 139
✓ login shows password page
✗ password status ok
↳ 99% — ✓ 72032 / ✗ 155
✗ password callback
↳ 99% — ✓ 72000 / ✗ 32
✓ code set
✗ token status ok
↳ 99% — ✓ 71866 / ✗ 134
✓ access token created
✓ id token created
✓ info created
✓ org created
✓ create user is status ok
✗ openid configuration
↳ 98% — ✓ 600 / ✗ 11
✗ userinfo status ok
↳ 99% — ✓ 71755 / ✗ 99
✓ org removed
CUSTOM
human_password_login_duration...........................................: min=984ms avg=14.73s max=58.88s p(50)=12.41s p(95)=36.8s p(99)=40.55s
login_ui_enter_login_name_duration......................................: min=98.28ms avg=10.57s max=38.72s p(50)=5.99s p(95)=32.4s p(99)=36.16s
login_ui_enter_password_duration........................................: min=1.12ms avg=119.12ms max=1m0s p(50)=2.15ms p(95)=3.96ms p(99)=3.8s
login_ui_init_login_duration............................................: min=41.73ms avg=600.61ms max=22.51s p(50)=292.69ms p(95)=1.84s p(99)=2.82s
login_ui_token_duration.................................................: min=53.03ms avg=712.39ms max=21.76s p(50)=339.01ms p(95)=2.11s p(99)=3.32s
oidc_user_info_duration.................................................: min=14.54ms avg=187.13ms max=21.51s p(50)=74.47ms p(95)=398.78ms p(99)=619.27ms
org_create_org_duration.................................................: min=50.09ms avg=50.09ms max=50.09ms p(50)=50.09ms p(95)=50.09ms p(99)=50.09ms
user_create_human_duration..............................................: min=425.26ms avg=11.83s max=16.89s p(50)=13.67s p(95)=16.07s p(99)=16.78s
HTTP
http_req_duration.......................................................: min=1.12ms avg=1.87s max=1m0s p(50)=257.41ms p(95)=12.28s p(99)=31.18s
{ expected_response:true }............................................: min=1.12ms avg=1.84s max=38.72s p(50)=256.14ms p(95)=11.83s p(99)=31.19s
http_req_failed.........................................................: 0.19% 1117 out of 581385
http_reqs...............................................................: 581385 311.330421/s
EXECUTION
iteration_duration......................................................: min=983.33ms avg=14.88s max=1m11s p(50)=12.64s p(95)=36.85s p(99)=40.62s
iterations..............................................................: 72904 39.039936/s
vus.....................................................................: 18 min=0 max=600
vus_max.................................................................: 600 min=600 max=600
NETWORK
data_received...........................................................: 1.2 GB 658 kB/s
data_sent...............................................................: 235 MB 126 kB/s
running (31m07.4s), 000/600 VUs, 72904 complete and 0 interrupted iterations
```

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---
title: introspection benchmark of zitadel v4
sidebar_label: introspection
---
Benchmark results of v4 release of Zitadel.
## Performance test results
| Metric | Value |
|:--------------------------------------|:------|
| Baseline | none |
| Purpose | Test current performance |
| Test start | 13:33 UTC |
| Test duration | 30min |
| Executed test | introspect |
| k6 version | v1.0.0-rc1 |
| VUs | 600 |
| Client location | US1 |
| ZITADEL location | US1 |
| ZITADEL container specification | vCPU: 6<br/> Memory: 6 Gi <br/>Container min scale: 2<br/>Container max scale: 7 |
| ZITADEL Version | v4.0.0-rc2 |
| ZITADEL feature flags | webKey: true, improvedPerformance: \[\"IMPROVED\_PERFORMANCE\_ORG\_BY\_ID\", \"IMPROVED\_PERFORMANCE\_PROJECT\", \"IMPROVED\_PERFORMANCE\_USER\_GRANT\", \"IMPROVED\_PERFORMANCE\_ORG\_DOMAIN\_VERIFIED\", \"IMPROVED\_PERFORMANCE\_PROJECT\_GRANT\"\] |
| Database | type: psql<br />version: v17.4 |
| Database location | US1 |
| Database specification | vCPU: 8<br/> memory: 32Gib |
| ZITADEL metrics during test | |
| Observed errors | A lot of over fetching on the database |
| Top 3 most expensive database queries | 1: get app<br/>2: Query events by instance id, aggregate types, event types, position<br/>3: Query executions<br/> |
| k6 Iterations per second | 18 |
| k6 output | [output](#k6-output) |
| flowchart outcome | |
## Endpoint latencies
import OutputSource from "./output.json";
import { BenchmarkChart } from '/src/components/benchmark_chart';
<BenchmarkChart testResults={OutputSource} />
## k6 output {#k6-output}
```bash
█ TOTAL RESULTS
checks_total.......................: 36207 19.664102/s
checks_succeeded...................: 99.99% 36205 out of 36207
checks_failed......................: 0.00% 2 out of 36207
✓ user defined
✓ authorize status ok
✓ login name status ok
✓ login shows password page
✓ password status ok
✓ password callback
✓ code set
✓ token status ok
✓ access token created
✓ id token created
✓ info created
✓ org created
✓ add project status ok
✓ add api status ok
✓ add app key status ok
✓ openid configuration
✗ introspect status ok
↳ 99% — ✓ 33792 / ✗ 2
✓ org removed
CUSTOM
app_add_app_duration....................................................: min=32.73ms avg=779.27ms max=1.11s p(50)=771.76ms p(95)=1.08s p(99)=1.1s
app_add_app_key_duration................................................: min=340.78ms avg=12.14s max=17.19s p(50)=13.51s p(95)=16.78s p(99)=16.93s
login_ui_enter_login_name_duration......................................: min=212.91ms avg=212.91ms max=212.91ms p(50)=212.91ms p(95)=212.91ms p(99)=212.91ms
login_ui_enter_password_duration........................................: min=29.53ms avg=29.53ms max=29.53ms p(50)=29.53ms p(95)=29.53ms p(99)=29.53ms
login_ui_init_login_duration............................................: min=65.24ms avg=65.24ms max=65.24ms p(50)=65.24ms p(95)=65.24ms p(99)=65.24ms
login_ui_token_duration.................................................: min=98.54ms avg=98.54ms max=98.54ms p(50)=98.54ms p(95)=98.54ms p(99)=98.54ms
oidc_introspect_duration................................................: min=731.31µs avg=32.04s max=50.94s p(50)=28.25s p(95)=47.83s p(99)=49.39s
org_create_org_duration.................................................: min=51.76ms avg=51.76ms max=51.76ms p(50)=51.76ms p(95)=51.76ms p(99)=51.76ms
project_add_project_duration............................................: min=52.11ms avg=754.58ms max=1.2s p(50)=778.66ms p(95)=1.14s p(99)=1.19s
HTTP
http_req_duration.......................................................: min=731.31µs avg=30.22s max=50.94s p(50)=26.12s p(95)=47.74s p(99)=49.35s
{ expected_response:true }............................................: min=13.11ms avg=30.22s max=50.94s p(50)=26.12s p(95)=47.74s p(99)=49.35s
http_req_failed.........................................................: 0.00% 2 out of 36204
http_reqs...............................................................: 36204 19.662473/s
EXECUTION
iteration_duration......................................................: min=1.53ms avg=32.14s max=50.94s p(50)=28.25s p(95)=47.83s p(99)=49.39s
iterations..............................................................: 33794 18.353597/s
vus.....................................................................: 0 min=0 max=600
vus_max.................................................................: 600 min=600 max=600
NETWORK
data_received...........................................................: 25 MB 14 kB/s
data_sent...............................................................: 33 MB 18 kB/s
running (30m41.3s), 000/600 VUs, 33794 complete and 0 interrupted iterations
default ✓ [======================================] 600 VUs 30m0s
```

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---
title: machine client credentials login benchmark of zitadel v4
sidebar_label: machine client credentials login
---
Benchmark results of v4 release of Zitadel.
## Performance test results
| Metric | Value |
|:--------------------------------------|:------|
| Baseline | none |
| Purpose | Test current performance |
| Test start | 08:28 UTC |
| Test duration | 30min |
| Executed test | machine\_client\_credentials\_login |
| k6 version | v1.0.0-rc1 |
| VUs | 600 |
| Client location | US1 |
| ZITADEL location | US1 |
| ZITADEL container specification | vCPU: 6<br/> Memory: 6 Gi <br/>Container min scale: 2<br/>Container max scale: 7 |
| ZITADEL Version | v4.0.0-rc2 |
| ZITADEL feature flags | webKey: true, improvedPerformance: \[\"IMPROVED\_PERFORMANCE\_ORG\_BY\_ID\", \"IMPROVED\_PERFORMANCE\_PROJECT\", \"IMPROVED\_PERFORMANCE\_USER\_GRANT\", \"IMPROVED\_PERFORMANCE\_ORG\_DOMAIN\_VERIFIED\", \"IMPROVED\_PERFORMANCE\_PROJECT\_GRANT\"\] |
| Database | type: psql<br />version: v17.4 |
| Database location | US1 |
| Database specification | vCPU: 8<br/> memory: 32Gib |
| ZITADEL metrics during test | |
| Observed errors | |
| Top 3 most expensive database queries | 1: Locking projections for reduce<br/>2: Query events by aggregate type and event type<br/>3: user by id query<br/> |
| k6 Iterations per second | 424 |
| k6 output | [output](#k6-output) |
| flowchart outcome | |
## Endpoint latencies
Until :37 were containers starting because it was a cold start test.
import OutputSource from "./output.json";
import { BenchmarkChart } from '/src/components/benchmark_chart';
<BenchmarkChart testResults={OutputSource} />
## k6 output {#k6-output}
```bash
█ TOTAL RESULTS
checks_total.......................: 2336254 1274.250394/s
checks_succeeded...................: 99.99% 2336250 out of 2336254
checks_failed......................: 0.00% 4 out of 2336254
✓ user defined
✓ authorize status ok
✓ login name status ok
✓ login shows password page
✓ password status ok
✓ password callback
✓ code set
✓ token status ok
✓ access token created
✓ id token created
✓ info created
✓ org created
✓ create user is status ok
✓ generate machine secret status ok
✓ openid configuration
✗ client credentials status ok
↳ 99% — ✓ 778146 / ✗ 3
✓ client credentials token ok
✗ userinfo status ok
↳ 99% — ✓ 778145 / ✗ 1
✓ org removed
CUSTOM
login_ui_enter_login_name_duration......................................: min=191.97ms avg=191.97ms max=191.97ms p(50)=191.97ms p(95)=191.97ms p(99)=191.97ms
login_ui_enter_password_duration........................................: min=14.65ms avg=14.65ms max=14.65ms p(50)=14.65ms p(95)=14.65ms p(99)=14.65ms
login_ui_init_login_duration............................................: min=91.36ms avg=91.36ms max=91.36ms p(50)=91.36ms p(95)=91.36ms p(99)=91.36ms
login_ui_token_duration.................................................: min=93.72ms avg=93.72ms max=93.72ms p(50)=93.72ms p(95)=93.72ms p(99)=93.72ms
oidc_client_credentials_duration........................................: min=244.96µs avg=794.35ms max=2.22s p(50)=783.9ms p(95)=1.1s p(99)=1.23s
oidc_user_info_duration.................................................: min=578.67µs avg=592.86ms max=1.98s p(50)=583.33ms p(95)=840.94ms p(99)=939.62ms
org_create_org_duration.................................................: min=60.95ms avg=60.95ms max=60.95ms p(50)=60.95ms p(95)=60.95ms p(99)=60.95ms
user_add_machine_secret_duration........................................: min=54.63ms avg=2.62s max=4.92s p(50)=2.67s p(95)=4.69s p(99)=4.87s
user_create_machine_duration............................................: min=159.68ms avg=681.87ms max=868.85ms p(50)=746.38ms p(95)=840.65ms p(99)=859.33ms
HTTP
http_req_duration.......................................................: min=244.96µs avg=693.86ms max=4.92s p(50)=671.37ms p(95)=1.05s p(99)=1.18s
{ expected_response:true }............................................: min=14.27ms avg=693.86ms max=4.92s p(50)=671.37ms p(95)=1.05s p(99)=1.18s
http_req_failed.........................................................: 0.00% 4 out of 1558705
http_reqs...............................................................: 1558705 850.156045/s
EXECUTION
iteration_duration......................................................: min=656.54µs avg=1.38s max=3.43s p(50)=1.38s p(95)=1.8s p(99)=2.01s
iterations..............................................................: 778149 424.421604/s
vus.....................................................................: 292 min=0 max=600
vus_max.................................................................: 600 min=600 max=600
NETWORK
data_received...........................................................: 1.6 GB 898 kB/s
data_sent...............................................................: 528 MB 288 kB/s
running (30m33.4s), 000/600 VUs, 778149 complete and 0 interrupted iterations
default ✓ [======================================] 600 VUs 30m0s
```

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---
title: machine jwt profile grant benchmark of zitadel v4
sidebar_label: machine jwt profile grant
---
Benchmark results of v4 release of Zitadel.
## Performance test results
| Metric | Value |
|:--------------------------------------|:------|
| Baseline | none |
| Purpose | Test current performance |
| Test start | 18:33 UTC |
| Test duration | 30min |
| Executed test | machine\_jwt\_profile\_grant |
| k6 version | v1.0.0-rc1 |
| VUs | 600 |
| Client location | US1 |
| ZITADEL location | US1 |
| ZITADEL container specification | vCPU: 6<br/> Memory: 6 Gi <br/>Container min scale: 2<br/>Container max scale: 7 |
| ZITADEL Version | v4.0.0-rc2 |
| ZITADEL feature flags | webKey: true, improvedPerformance: \[\"IMPROVED\_PERFORMANCE\_ORG\_BY\_ID\", \"IMPROVED\_PERFORMANCE\_PROJECT\", \"IMPROVED\_PERFORMANCE\_USER\_GRANT\", \"IMPROVED\_PERFORMANCE\_ORG\_DOMAIN\_VERIFIED\", \"IMPROVED\_PERFORMANCE\_PROJECT\_GRANT\"\] |
| Database | type: psql<br />version: v17.4 |
| Database location | US1 |
| Database specification | vCPU: 8<br/> memory: 32Gib |
| ZITADEL metrics during test | |
| Observed errors | Zitadel containers did not scale but database would have headroom |
| Top 3 most expensive database queries | 1: Query events by instance id, aggregate types, event types, position<br/>2: write events<br/>3: get user by id<br/> |
| k6 Iterations per second | 851 |
| k6 output | [output](#k6-output) |
| flowchart outcome | |
## Endpoint latencies
import OutputSource from "./output.json";
import { BenchmarkChart } from '/src/components/benchmark_chart';
<BenchmarkChart testResults={OutputSource} />
## k6 output {#k6-output}
```bash
█ TOTAL RESULTS
checks_total.......................: 3128039 1702.561961/s
checks_succeeded...................: 100.00% 3128039 out of 3128039
checks_failed......................: 0.00% 0 out of 3128039
✓ user defined
✓ authorize status ok
✓ login name status ok
✓ login shows password page
✓ password status ok
✓ password callback
✓ code set
✓ token status ok
✓ access token created
✓ id token created
✓ info created
✓ org created
✓ create user is status ok
✓ generate machine key status ok
✓ openid configuration
✓ access token returned
✓ org removed
CUSTOM
login_ui_enter_login_name_duration......................................: min=185.23ms avg=185.23ms max=185.23ms p(50)=185.23ms p(95)=185.23ms p(99)=185.23ms
login_ui_enter_password_duration........................................: min=19.29ms avg=19.29ms max=19.29ms p(50)=19.29ms p(95)=19.29ms p(99)=19.29ms
login_ui_init_login_duration............................................: min=103.07ms avg=103.07ms max=103.07ms p(50)=103.07ms p(95)=103.07ms p(99)=103.07ms
login_ui_token_duration.................................................: min=147.4ms avg=147.4ms max=147.4ms p(50)=147.4ms p(95)=147.4ms p(99)=147.4ms
oidc_token_duration.....................................................: min=58.6ms avg=688.05ms max=3.95s p(50)=470.3ms p(95)=1.16s p(99)=1.24s
org_create_org_duration.................................................: min=88.83ms avg=88.83ms max=88.83ms p(50)=88.83ms p(95)=88.83ms p(99)=88.83ms
user_add_machine_key_duration...........................................: min=29.55ms avg=481.01ms max=742.31ms p(50)=487.76ms p(95)=728.51ms p(99)=739.94ms
user_create_machine_duration............................................: min=88.42ms avg=748.16ms max=4.46s p(50)=732.58ms p(95)=1.01s p(99)=1.03s
HTTP
http_req_duration.......................................................: min=19.29ms avg=687.53ms max=4.46s p(50)=470.17ms p(95)=1.16s p(99)=1.24s
{ expected_response:true }............................................: min=19.29ms avg=687.53ms max=4.46s p(50)=470.17ms p(95)=1.16s p(99)=1.24s
http_req_failed.........................................................: 0.00% 0 out of 1565523
http_reqs...............................................................: 1565523 852.099321/s
EXECUTION
iteration_duration......................................................: min=61.7ms avg=690.96ms max=3.96s p(50)=473.07ms p(95)=1.16s p(99)=1.25s
iterations..............................................................: 1563113 850.787581/s
vus.....................................................................: 1 min=0 max=600
vus_max.................................................................: 600 min=600 max=600
NETWORK
data_received...........................................................: 2.3 GB 1.2 MB/s
data_sent...............................................................: 1.3 GB 725 kB/s
running (30m37.3s), 000/600 VUs, 1563113 complete and 0 interrupted iterations
default ✓ [======================================] 600 VUs 30m0s
```

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---
title: machine pat login benchmark of zitadel v4
sidebar_label: machine pat login
---
Benchmark results of v4 release of Zitadel.
## Performance test results
| Metric | Value |
|:--------------------------------------|:------|
| Baseline | none |
| Purpose | Test current performance |
| Test start | 07:34 UTC |
| Test duration | 30min |
| Executed test | machine\_pat\_login |
| k6 version | v1.0.0-rc1 |
| VUs | 600 |
| Client location | US1 |
| ZITADEL location | US1 |
| ZITADEL container specification | vCPU: 6<br/> Memory: 6 Gi <br/>Container min scale: 2<br/>Container max scale: 7 |
| ZITADEL Version | v4.0.0-rc2 |
| ZITADEL feature flags | webKey: true, improvedPerformance: \[\"IMPROVED\_PERFORMANCE\_ORG\_BY\_ID\", \"IMPROVED\_PERFORMANCE\_PROJECT\", \"IMPROVED\_PERFORMANCE\_USER\_GRANT\", \"IMPROVED\_PERFORMANCE\_ORG\_DOMAIN\_VERIFIED\", \"IMPROVED\_PERFORMANCE\_PROJECT\_GRANT\"\] |
| Database | type: psql<br />version: v17.4 |
| Database location | US1 |
| Database specification | vCPU: 8<br/> memory: 32Gib |
| ZITADEL metrics during test | |
| Observed errors | |
| Top 3 most expensive database queries | 1: Locking projections for reduce<br/>2: Query events by aggregate type and event type<br/>3: Query events by instance id, aggregate types, event types, position<br/> |
| k6 Iterations per second | 1906 |
| k6 output | [output](#k6-output) |
| flowchart outcome | |
## Endpoint latencies
Until :37 were containers starting because it was a cold start test.
import OutputSource from "./output.json";
import { BenchmarkChart } from '/src/components/benchmark_chart';
<BenchmarkChart testResults={OutputSource} />
## k6 output {#k6-output}
```bash
█ TOTAL RESULTS
checks_total.......................: 867495 464.541713/s
checks_succeeded...................: 99.88% 866490 out of 867495
checks_failed......................: 0.11% 1005 out of 867495
✓ user defined
✗ authorize status ok
↳ 99% — ✓ 72470 / ✗ 435
✗ login name status ok
↳ 99% — ✓ 72331 / ✗ 139
✓ login shows password page
✗ password status ok
↳ 99% — ✓ 72032 / ✗ 155
✗ password callback
↳ 99% — ✓ 72000 / ✗ 32
✓ code set
✗ token status ok
↳ 99% — ✓ 71866 / ✗ 134
✓ access token created
✓ id token created
✓ info created
✓ org created
✓ create user is status ok
✗ openid configuration
↳ 98% — ✓ 600 / ✗ 11
✗ userinfo status ok
↳ 99% — ✓ 71755 / ✗ 99
✓ org removed
CUSTOM
human_password_login_duration...........................................: min=984ms avg=14.73s max=58.88s p(50)=12.41s p(95)=36.8s p(99)=40.55s
login_ui_enter_login_name_duration......................................: min=98.28ms avg=10.57s max=38.72s p(50)=5.99s p(95)=32.4s p(99)=36.16s
login_ui_enter_password_duration........................................: min=1.12ms avg=119.12ms max=1m0s p(50)=2.15ms p(95)=3.96ms p(99)=3.8s
login_ui_init_login_duration............................................: min=41.73ms avg=600.61ms max=22.51s p(50)=292.69ms p(95)=1.84s p(99)=2.82s
login_ui_token_duration.................................................: min=53.03ms avg=712.39ms max=21.76s p(50)=339.01ms p(95)=2.11s p(99)=3.32s
oidc_user_info_duration.................................................: min=14.54ms avg=187.13ms max=21.51s p(50)=74.47ms p(95)=398.78ms p(99)=619.27ms
org_create_org_duration.................................................: min=50.09ms avg=50.09ms max=50.09ms p(50)=50.09ms p(95)=50.09ms p(99)=50.09ms
user_create_human_duration..............................................: min=425.26ms avg=11.83s max=16.89s p(50)=13.67s p(95)=16.07s p(99)=16.78s
HTTP
http_req_duration.......................................................: min=1.12ms avg=1.87s max=1m0s p(50)=257.41ms p(95)=12.28s p(99)=31.18s
{ expected_response:true }............................................: min=1.12ms avg=1.84s max=38.72s p(50)=256.14ms p(95)=11.83s p(99)=31.19s
http_req_failed.........................................................: 0.19% 1117 out of 581385
http_reqs...............................................................: 581385 311.330421/s
EXECUTION
iteration_duration......................................................: min=983.33ms avg=14.88s max=1m11s p(50)=12.64s p(95)=36.85s p(99)=40.62s
iterations..............................................................: 72904 39.039936/s
vus.....................................................................: 18 min=0 max=600
vus_max.................................................................: 600 min=600 max=600
NETWORK
data_received...........................................................: 1.2 GB 658 kB/s
data_sent...............................................................: 235 MB 126 kB/s
running (31m07.4s), 000/600 VUs, 72904 complete and 0 interrupted iterations
```

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---
title: manipulate user benchmark of zitadel v4
sidebar_label: manipulate user
---
Benchmark results of v4 release of Zitadel.
## Performance test results
| Metric | Value |
|:--------------------------------------|:------|
| Baseline | none |
| Purpose | Test current performance |
| Test start | 15:07 UTC |
| Test duration | 30min |
| Executed test | manipulate\_user |
| k6 version | v1.0.0-rc1 |
| VUs | 600 |
| Client location | US1 |
| ZITADEL location | US1 |
| ZITADEL container specification | vCPU: 6<br/> Memory: 6 Gi <br/>Container min scale: 2<br/>Container max scale: 7 |
| ZITADEL Version | v4.0.0-rc2 |
| ZITADEL feature flags | webKey: true, improvedPerformance: \[\"IMPROVED\_PERFORMANCE\_ORG\_BY\_ID\", \"IMPROVED\_PERFORMANCE\_PROJECT\", \"IMPROVED\_PERFORMANCE\_USER\_GRANT\", \"IMPROVED\_PERFORMANCE\_ORG\_DOMAIN\_VERIFIED\", \"IMPROVED\_PERFORMANCE\_PROJECT\_GRANT\"\] |
| Database | type: psql<br />version: v17.4 |
| Database location | US1 |
| Database specification | vCPU: 8<br/> memory: 32Gib |
| ZITADEL metrics during test | |
| Observed errors | |
| Top 3 most expensive database queries | 1: query events by instance id, aggregate types, event types, position<br/>2: write events<br/>3: query user by id<br/> |
| k6 Iterations per second | 16 |
| k6 output | [output](#k6-output) |
| flowchart outcome | |
## Endpoint latencies
Each iteration creates, updates and deletes a user.
import OutputSource from "./output.json";
import { BenchmarkChart } from '/src/components/benchmark_chart';
<BenchmarkChart testResults={OutputSource} />
## k6 output {#k6-output}
```bash
█ TOTAL RESULTS
checks_total.......................: 199261 108.759178/s
checks_succeeded...................: 57.15% 113882 out of 199261
checks_failed......................: 42.84% 85379 out of 199261
✓ user defined
✓ authorize status ok
✓ login name status ok
✓ login shows password page
✓ password status ok
✓ password callback
✓ code set
✓ token status ok
✓ access token created
✓ id token created
✓ info created
✓ org created
✗ create user is status ok
↳ 99% — ✓ 28528 / ✗ 4
✗ update user is status ok
↳ 25% — ✓ 28469 / ✗ 85359
✗ lock user is status ok
↳ 99% — ✓ 28460 / ✗ 8
✗ delete user is status ok
↳ 99% — ✓ 28412 / ✗ 8
✓ org removed
CUSTOM
delete_user_duration....................................................: min=109.24ms avg=3.48s max=1m0s p(50)=2s p(95)=7.65s p(99)=9.78s
lock_user_duration......................................................: min=77.95ms avg=2.7s max=1m0s p(50)=1.1s p(95)=6.36s p(99)=7.86s
login_ui_enter_login_name_duration......................................: min=175.39ms avg=175.39ms max=175.39ms p(50)=175.39ms p(95)=175.39ms p(99)=175.39ms
login_ui_enter_password_duration........................................: min=34.12ms avg=34.12ms max=34.12ms p(50)=34.12ms p(95)=34.12ms p(99)=34.12ms
login_ui_init_login_duration............................................: min=100.5ms avg=100.5ms max=100.5ms p(50)=100.5ms p(95)=100.5ms p(99)=100.5ms
login_ui_token_duration.................................................: min=154.05ms avg=154.05ms max=154.05ms p(50)=154.05ms p(95)=154.05ms p(99)=154.05ms
org_create_org_duration.................................................: min=71.03ms avg=71.03ms max=71.03ms p(50)=71.03ms p(95)=71.03ms p(99)=71.03ms
update_human_duration...................................................: min=70.77ms avg=2.43s max=1m0s p(50)=807.73ms p(95)=5.99s p(99)=7.36s
user_create_human_duration..............................................: min=503.01ms avg=3.69s max=1m0s p(50)=2.07s p(95)=7.66s p(99)=13.98s
HTTP
http_req_duration.......................................................: min=34.12ms avg=7.64s max=1m0s p(50)=4.07s p(95)=32.29s p(99)=41.1s
{ expected_response:true }............................................: min=34.12ms avg=7.63s max=54.32s p(50)=4.07s p(95)=32.26s p(99)=41.03s
http_req_failed.........................................................: 0.02% 31 out of 142384
http_reqs...............................................................: 142384 77.714991/s
EXECUTION
iteration_duration......................................................: min=17.1s avg=38.22s max=1m30s p(50)=36.76s p(95)=58.22s p(99)=1m7s
iterations..............................................................: 28434 15.519637/s
vus.....................................................................: 0 min=0 max=600
vus_max.................................................................: 600 min=600 max=600
NETWORK
data_received...........................................................: 82 MB 45 kB/s
data_sent...............................................................: 26 MB 14 kB/s
running (30m32.1s), 000/600 VUs, 28434 complete and 98 interrupted iterations
default ✓ [======================================] 600 VUs 30m0s
```

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---
title: oidc session benchmark of zitadel v4
sidebar_label: oidc session
---
Benchmark results of v4 release of Zitadel.
## Performance test results
| Metric | Value |
|:--------------------------------------|:------|
| Baseline | none |
| Purpose | Test current performance |
| Test start | 12:33 UTC |
| Test duration | 30min |
| Executed test | oidc_session |
| k6 version | v1.0.0-rc1 |
| VUs | 600 |
| Client location | US1 |
| ZITADEL location | US1 |
| ZITADEL container specification | vCPU: 6<br/> Memory: 6 Gi <br/>Container min scale: 2<br/>Container max scale: 7 |
| ZITADEL Version | v4.0.0-rc2 |
| ZITADEL feature flags | webKey: true, improvedPerformance: \[\"IMPROVED\_PERFORMANCE\_ORG\_BY\_ID\", \"IMPROVED\_PERFORMANCE\_PROJECT\", \"IMPROVED\_PERFORMANCE\_USER\_GRANT\", \"IMPROVED\_PERFORMANCE\_ORG\_DOMAIN\_VERIFIED\", \"IMPROVED\_PERFORMANCE\_PROJECT\_GRANT\"\] |
| Database | type: psql<br />version: v17.4 |
| Database location | US1 |
| Database specification | vCPU: 8<br/> memory: 32Gib |
| ZITADEL metrics during test | |
| Observed errors | Database CPU usage was 60% |
| Top 3 most expensive database queries | 1: query events by instance id, aggregate types, event types, position<br/>2: writing events<br/>3: query memberships<br/> |
| k6 Iterations per second | 105 |
| k6 output | [output](#k6-output) |
| flowchart outcome | |
## Endpoint latencies
import OutputSource from "./output.json";
import { BenchmarkChart } from '/src/components/benchmark_chart';
<BenchmarkChart testResults={OutputSource} />
## k6 output {#k6-output}
```bash
█ TOTAL RESULTS
checks_total.......................: 1061560 420.116279/s
checks_succeeded...................: 99.99% 1061559 out of 1061560
checks_failed......................: 0.00% 1 out of 1061560
✓ user defined
✓ authorize status ok
✓ login name status ok
✓ login shows password page
✓ password status ok
✓ password callback
✓ code set
✓ token status ok
✓ access token created
✓ id token created
✓ info created
✓ org created
✓ create user is status ok
✓ generate machine key status ok
✓ member added successful
✓ openid configuration
✓ access token returned
✓ auth request id returned
✗ add Session status ok
↳ 99% — ✓ 265394 / ✗ 1
✓ finalize auth request status ok
✓ org removed
CUSTOM
login_ui_enter_login_name_duration......................................: min=100.93ms avg=100.93ms max=100.93ms p(50)=100.93ms p(95)=100.93ms p(99)=100.93ms
login_ui_enter_password_duration........................................: min=4.86ms avg=4.86ms max=4.86ms p(50)=4.86ms p(95)=4.86ms p(99)=4.86ms
login_ui_init_login_duration............................................: min=71.62ms avg=497.81ms max=19m45s p(50)=442.5ms p(95)=557.71ms p(99)=642.49ms
login_ui_token_duration.................................................: min=80.88ms avg=80.88ms max=80.88ms p(50)=80.88ms p(95)=80.88ms p(99)=80.88ms
membership_iam_member...................................................: min=65.45ms avg=65.45ms max=65.45ms p(50)=65.45ms p(95)=65.45ms p(99)=65.45ms
oidc_auth_request_finalize..............................................: min=89.04ms avg=1.32s max=2m8s p(50)=1.26s p(95)=1.62s p(99)=1.78s
oidc_session_duration...................................................: min=1.73s avg=2.88s max=21m54s p(50)=2.73s p(95)=3.26s p(99)=3.54s
oidc_token_duration.....................................................: min=34.16ms avg=34.16ms max=34.16ms p(50)=34.16ms p(95)=34.16ms p(99)=34.16ms
org_create_org_duration.................................................: min=41.58ms avg=41.58ms max=41.58ms p(50)=41.58ms p(95)=41.58ms p(99)=41.58ms
session_add_session_duration............................................: min=105.71ms avg=1.06s max=15m9s p(50)=1s p(95)=1.34s p(99)=1.5s
user_add_machine_key_duration...........................................: min=50.3ms avg=50.3ms max=50.3ms p(50)=50.3ms p(95)=50.3ms p(99)=50.3ms
user_create_machine_duration............................................: min=32.72ms avg=32.72ms max=32.72ms p(50)=32.72ms p(95)=32.72ms p(99)=32.72ms
HTTP
http_req_duration.......................................................: min=4.86ms avg=1.04s max=19m45s p(50)=966.65ms p(95)=1.5s p(99)=1.68s
{ expected_response:true }............................................: min=4.86ms avg=987.51ms max=19m45s p(50)=966.55ms p(95)=1.5s p(99)=1.68s
http_req_failed.........................................................: 0.01% 144 out of 796955
http_reqs...............................................................: 796955 315.397876/s
EXECUTION
iteration_duration......................................................: min=1.73s avg=2.88s max=21m55s p(50)=2.73s p(95)=3.26s p(99)=3.54s
iterations..............................................................: 265117 104.921029/s
vus.....................................................................: 0 min=0 max=600
vus_max.................................................................: 600 min=600 max=600
NETWORK
data_received...........................................................: 475 MB 188 kB/s
data_sent...............................................................: 200 MB 79 kB/s
running (42m06.8s), 000/600 VUs, 265104 complete and 600 interrupted iterations
default ✓ [======================================] 600 VUs 30m0s
```

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---
title: otp session benchmark of zitadel v4
sidebar_label: otp session
---
Benchmark results of v4 release of Zitadel.
## Performance test results
| Metric | Value |
|:--------------------------------------|:------|
| Baseline | none |
| Purpose | Test current performance |
| Test start | 14:56 UTC |
| Test duration | 30min |
| Executed test | otp_session |
| k6 version | v1.0.0-rc1 |
| VUs | 600 |
| Client location | US1 |
| ZITADEL location | US1 |
| ZITADEL container specification | vCPU: 6<br/> Memory: 6 Gi <br/>Container min scale: 2<br/>Container max scale: 7 |
| ZITADEL Version | v4.0.0-rc2 |
| ZITADEL feature flags | webKey: true, improvedPerformance: \[\"IMPROVED\_PERFORMANCE\_ORG\_BY\_ID\", \"IMPROVED\_PERFORMANCE\_PROJECT\", \"IMPROVED\_PERFORMANCE\_USER\_GRANT\", \"IMPROVED\_PERFORMANCE\_ORG\_DOMAIN\_VERIFIED\", \"IMPROVED\_PERFORMANCE\_PROJECT\_GRANT\"\] |
| Database | type: psql<br />version: v17.4 |
| Database location | US1 |
| Database specification | vCPU: 8<br/> memory: 32Gib |
| ZITADEL metrics during test | |
| Observed errors | database usage was 80% |
| Top 3 most expensive database queries | 1: query events by instance id, aggregate types, event types, position<br/>2: lock projection<br/>3: write events<br/> |
| k6 Iterations per second | 60 |
| k6 output | [output](#k6-output) |
| flowchart outcome | |
## Endpoint latencies
import OutputSource from "./output.json";
import { BenchmarkChart } from '/src/components/benchmark_chart';
<BenchmarkChart testResults={OutputSource} />
## k6 output {#k6-output}
```bash
█ TOTAL RESULTS
checks_total.......................: 338059 181.945817/s
checks_succeeded...................: 99.99% 338058 out of 338059
checks_failed......................: 0.00% 1 out of 338059
✓ user defined
✓ authorize status ok
✓ login name status ok
✓ login shows password page
✓ password status ok
✓ password callback
✓ code set
✓ token status ok
✓ access token created
✓ id token created
✓ info created
✓ org created
✓ create user is status ok
✓ set email otp status ok
✓ add Session status ok
✗ set Session status ok
↳ 99% — ✓ 224563 / ✗ 1
✓ org removed
CUSTOM
login_ui_enter_login_name_duration......................................: min=179.7ms avg=179.7ms max=179.7ms p(50)=179.7ms p(95)=179.7ms p(99)=179.7ms
login_ui_enter_password_duration........................................: min=14.73ms avg=14.73ms max=14.73ms p(50)=14.73ms p(95)=14.73ms p(99)=14.73ms
login_ui_init_login_duration............................................: min=76.13ms avg=76.13ms max=76.13ms p(50)=76.13ms p(95)=76.13ms p(99)=76.13ms
login_ui_token_duration.................................................: min=152.52ms avg=152.52ms max=152.52ms p(50)=152.52ms p(95)=152.52ms p(99)=152.52ms
org_create_org_duration.................................................: min=59.87ms avg=59.87ms max=59.87ms p(50)=59.87ms p(95)=59.87ms p(99)=59.87ms
otp_session_duration....................................................: min=2.2s avg=9.63s max=15.61s p(50)=9.59s p(95)=12.09s p(99)=13.33s
session_add_session_duration............................................: min=154ms avg=8.31s max=12.63s p(50)=8.42s p(95)=10.1s p(99)=10.52s
session_set_session_duration............................................: min=0s avg=659.94ms max=4.45s p(50)=513.63ms p(95)=1.62s p(99)=1.9s
set_human_email_otp_duration............................................: min=29.12ms avg=494.09ms max=806.37ms p(50)=581.1ms p(95)=646.91ms p(99)=680.35ms
user_create_human_duration..............................................: min=698.95ms avg=9.83s max=17.55s p(50)=11.1s p(95)=17s p(99)=17.46s
HTTP
http_req_duration.......................................................: min=0s avg=3.21s max=20.01s p(50)=1.21s p(95)=9.59s p(99)=10.3s
{ expected_response:true }............................................: min=14.73ms avg=3.21s max=20.01s p(50)=1.21s p(95)=9.59s p(99)=10.3s
http_req_failed.........................................................: 0.00% 1 out of 338656
http_reqs...............................................................: 338656 182.267126/s
EXECUTION
iteration_duration......................................................: min=2.2s avg=9.63s max=15.61s p(50)=9.59s p(95)=12.09s p(99)=13.33s
iterations..............................................................: 112282 60.43099/s
vus.....................................................................: 0 min=0 max=600
vus_max.................................................................: 600 min=600 max=600
NETWORK
data_received...........................................................: 183 MB 98 kB/s
data_sent...............................................................: 82 MB 44 kB/s
running (30m58.0s), 000/600 VUs, 112282 complete and 0 interrupted iterations
default ✓ [======================================] 600 VUs 30m0s
```

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---
title: session with password benchmark of zitadel v4
sidebar_label: password session
---
Benchmark results of v4 release of Zitadel.
## Performance test results
| Metric | Value |
|:--------------------------------------|:------|
| Baseline | none |
| Purpose | Test current performance |
| Test start | 15:14 UTC |
| Test duration | 30min |
| Executed test | password\_session |
| k6 version | v1.0.0-rc1 |
| VUs | 600 |
| Client location | US1 |
| ZITADEL location | US1 |
| ZITADEL container specification | vCPU: 6<br/> Memory: 6 Gi <br/>Container min scale: 2<br/>Container max scale: 7 |
| ZITADEL Version | v4.0.0-rc2 |
| ZITADEL feature flags | webKey: true, improvedPerformance: \[\"IMPROVED\_PERFORMANCE\_ORG\_BY\_ID\", \"IMPROVED\_PERFORMANCE\_PROJECT\", \"IMPROVED\_PERFORMANCE\_USER\_GRANT\", \"IMPROVED\_PERFORMANCE\_ORG\_DOMAIN\_VERIFIED\", \"IMPROVED\_PERFORMANCE\_PROJECT\_GRANT\"\] |
| Database | type: psql<br />version: v17.4 |
| Database location | US1 |
| Database specification | vCPU: 8<br/> memory: 32Gib |
| ZITADEL metrics during test | |
| Observed errors | Container startup latency is > 3 minutes |
| Top 3 most expensive database queries | 1: lock projection<br/>2: query events by instance id, aggregate types, event types, position<br/>3: query events by aggregate type, event type<br/> |
| k6 Iterations per second | 51 |
| k6 output | [output](#k6-output) |
| flowchart outcome | |
## Endpoint latencies
import OutputSource from "./output.json";
import { BenchmarkChart } from '/src/components/benchmark_chart';
<BenchmarkChart testResults={OutputSource} />
## k6 output {#k6-output}
```bash
█ TOTAL RESULTS
checks_total.......................: 188813 101.308159/s
checks_succeeded...................: 99.35% 187589 out of 188813
checks_failed......................: 0.64% 1224 out of 188813
✓ user defined
✓ authorize status ok
✓ login name status ok
✓ login shows password page
✓ password status ok
✓ password callback
✓ code set
✓ token status ok
✓ access token created
✓ id token created
✓ info created
✓ org created
✓ create user is status ok
✓ set email otp status ok
✗ add Session status ok
↳ 99% — ✓ 93457 / ✗ 686
✗ set Session status ok
↳ 99% — ✓ 92919 / ✗ 538
✓ org removed
CUSTOM
login_ui_enter_login_name_duration......................................: min=240.4ms avg=240.4ms max=240.4ms p(50)=240.4ms p(95)=240.4ms p(99)=240.4ms
login_ui_enter_password_duration........................................: min=14.32ms avg=14.32ms max=14.32ms p(50)=14.32ms p(95)=14.32ms p(99)=14.32ms
login_ui_init_login_duration............................................: min=84.45ms avg=84.45ms max=84.45ms p(50)=84.45ms p(95)=84.45ms p(99)=84.45ms
login_ui_token_duration.................................................: min=148.53ms avg=148.53ms max=148.53ms p(50)=148.53ms p(95)=148.53ms p(99)=148.53ms
org_create_org_duration.................................................: min=59.73ms avg=59.73ms max=59.73ms p(50)=59.73ms p(95)=59.73ms p(99)=59.73ms
password_session_duration...............................................: min=371ms avg=10.97s max=1m4s p(50)=9.52s p(95)=23.81s p(99)=27.57s
session_add_session_duration............................................: min=36.81ms avg=10.62s max=1m0s p(50)=9.13s p(95)=23.23s p(99)=29.47s
session_set_session_duration............................................: min=94.6ms avg=881.65ms max=1m0s p(50)=365.48ms p(95)=1.88s p(99)=4.75s
set_human_email_otp_duration............................................: min=39.12ms avg=570.13ms max=868.83ms p(50)=549.06ms p(95)=844.01ms p(99)=864.28ms
user_create_human_duration..............................................: min=502.43ms avg=10.82s max=16.72s p(50)=13.42s p(95)=16.28s p(99)=16.56s
HTTP
http_req_duration.......................................................: min=14.32ms avg=5.75s max=1m0s p(50)=583.63ms p(95)=22.01s p(99)=26.51s
{ expected_response:true }............................................: min=14.32ms avg=5.47s max=59.87s p(50)=566.75ms p(95)=21.8s p(99)=24.55s
http_req_failed.........................................................: 0.64% 1224 out of 189410
http_reqs...............................................................: 189410 101.628481/s
EXECUTION
iteration_duration......................................................: min=38.37ms avg=11.5s max=1m21s p(50)=9.68s p(95)=24.21s p(99)=54.53s
iterations..............................................................: 94143 50.512698/s
vus.....................................................................: 0 min=0 max=600
vus_max.................................................................: 600 min=600 max=600
NETWORK
data_received...........................................................: 102 MB 55 kB/s
data_sent...............................................................: 45 MB 24 kB/s
running (31m03.7s), 000/600 VUs, 94143 complete and 0 interrupted iterations
default ✓ [======================================] 600 VUs 30m0s
```

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@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
---
title: user info benchmark of zitadel v4
sidebar_label: user info
---
Benchmark results of v4 release of Zitadel.
## Performance test results
| Metric | Value |
|:--------------------------------------|:------|
| Baseline | none |
| Purpose | Test current performance |
| Test start | 16:06 UTC |
| Test duration | 30min |
| Executed test | user\_info |
| k6 version | v1.0.0-rc1 |
| VUs | 600 |
| Client location | US1 |
| ZITADEL location | US1 |
| ZITADEL container specification | vCPU: 6<br/> Memory: 6 Gi <br/>Container min scale: 2<br/>Container max scale: 7 |
| ZITADEL Version | v4.0.0-rc2 |
| ZITADEL feature flags | webKey: true, improvedPerformance: \[\"IMPROVED\_PERFORMANCE\_ORG\_BY\_ID\", \"IMPROVED\_PERFORMANCE\_PROJECT\", \"IMPROVED\_PERFORMANCE\_USER\_GRANT\", \"IMPROVED\_PERFORMANCE\_ORG\_DOMAIN\_VERIFIED\", \"IMPROVED\_PERFORMANCE\_PROJECT\_GRANT\"\] |
| Database | type: psql<br />version: v17.4 |
| Database location | US1 |
| Database specification | vCPU: 8<br/> memory: 32Gib |
| ZITADEL metrics during test | Container startup latency is > 3 minutes |
| Observed errors | Container startup latency is > 3 minutes, elevated error rate during container startup |
| Top 3 most expensive database queries | 1: events by aggregate type and event type<br/>2: events by instance id, aggregate types, event types, position<br/>3: user by id<br/> |
| k6 Iterations per second | 2653 |
| k6 output | [output](#k6-output) |
| flowchart outcome | |
## Endpoint latencies
import OutputSource from "./output.json";
import { BenchmarkChart } from '/src/components/benchmark_chart';
<BenchmarkChart testResults={OutputSource} />
## k6 output {#k6-output}
```bash
█ TOTAL RESULTS
checks_total.......................: 4784344 2653.094897/s
checks_succeeded...................: 99.97% 4783333 out of 4784344
checks_failed......................: 0.02% 1011 out of 4784344
✓ user defined
✓ authorize status ok
✓ login name status ok
✓ login shows password page
✓ password status ok
✓ password callback
✓ code set
✓ token status ok
✓ access token created
✓ id token created
✓ info created
✓ org created
✓ create user is status ok
✗ openid configuration
↳ 89% — ✓ 600 / ✗ 74
✗ userinfo status ok
↳ 99% — ✓ 4782709 / ✗ 936
✗ org removed
↳ 0% — ✓ 0 / ✗ 1
CUSTOM
login_ui_enter_login_name_duration......................................: min=149.1ms avg=176.4ms max=203.69ms p(50)=176.4ms p(95)=200.96ms p(99)=203.15ms
login_ui_enter_password_duration........................................: min=34.7ms avg=248.44ms max=462.19ms p(50)=248.44ms p(95)=440.82ms p(99)=457.92ms
login_ui_init_login_duration............................................: min=83.7ms avg=85.38ms max=87.05ms p(50)=85.38ms p(95)=86.88ms p(99)=87.01ms
login_ui_token_duration.................................................: min=92.78ms avg=118.84ms max=144.89ms p(50)=118.84ms p(95)=142.29ms p(99)=144.37ms
oidc_user_info_duration.................................................: min=453.34µs avg=224.58ms max=1m0s p(50)=83.13ms p(95)=792.51ms p(99)=926.8ms
org_create_org_duration.................................................: min=53.42ms avg=53.42ms max=53.42ms p(50)=53.42ms p(95)=53.42ms p(99)=53.42ms
user_create_human_duration..............................................: min=373.72ms avg=373.72ms max=373.72ms p(50)=373.72ms p(95)=373.72ms p(99)=373.72ms
HTTP
http_req_duration.......................................................: min=453.34µs avg=225.49ms max=1m0s p(50)=83.13ms p(95)=792.51ms p(99)=927.03ms
{ expected_response:true }............................................: min=3.29ms avg=212.92ms max=29.69s p(50)=83.1ms p(95)=792.3ms p(99)=923.17ms
http_req_failed.........................................................: 0.02% 1011 out of 4784339
http_reqs...............................................................: 4784339 2653.092124/s
EXECUTION
iteration_duration......................................................: min=731.85µs avg=225.74ms max=1m0s p(50)=83.33ms p(95)=792.71ms p(99)=927.27ms
iterations..............................................................: 4783719 2652.748311/s
vus.....................................................................: 600 min=0 max=600
vus_max.................................................................: 600 min=600 max=600
NETWORK
data_received...........................................................: 3.4 GB 1.9 MB/s
data_sent...............................................................: 378 MB 210 kB/s
running (30m03.3s), 000/600 VUs, 4783719 complete and 0 interrupted iterations
default ✓ [======================================] 600 VUs 30m0s
```

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@@ -1081,6 +1081,28 @@ module.exports = {
"apis/benchmarks/v2.70.0/oidc_session/index",
],
},
{
type: "category",
label: "v4",
link: {
title: "v4",
slug: "/apis/benchmarks/v4",
description: "Benchmark results of Zitadel v4\n",
},
items: [
"apis/benchmarks/v4/add_session/index",
"apis/benchmarks/v4/human_password_login/index",
"apis/benchmarks/v4/introspect/index",
"apis/benchmarks/v4/machine_client_credentials_login/index",
"apis/benchmarks/v4/machine_jwt_profile_grant/index",
"apis/benchmarks/v4/machine_pat_login/index",
"apis/benchmarks/v4/manipulate_user/index",
"apis/benchmarks/v4/oidc_session/index",
"apis/benchmarks/v4/otp_session/index",
"apis/benchmarks/v4/password_session/index",
"apis/benchmarks/v4/user_info/index",
],
},
],
},
],